Isaca CISA Questions Answers

The best solution for ensuring secure remote access to corporate resources is to use a virtual private network (VPN), as this creates an encrypted tunnel between the user’s device and the corporate network, preventing unauthorized interception or modification of data in transit. Additional firewall rules may help to restrict access to certain ports or protocols, but they do not provide encryption or authentication. Multi-factor authentication may help to verify the identity of the user, but it does not protect the data in transit. Virtual desktop may help to provide a consistent user interface and access to applications, but it does not ensure the security of the communication channel. References: CISA Review Manual (Digital Version), Chapter 5: Protection of Information Assets, Section 5.2: Network Security Devices and Technologies

 The planning phase is the stage of the internal audit process where contact is established with the individuals responsible for the business processes in scope for review. The planning phase involves defining the objectives, scope, and criteria of the audit, as well as identifying the key risks and controls related to the audited area. The planning phase also involves communicating with the auditee to obtain relevant information, documents, and data, as well as to schedule interviews, walkthroughs, and meetings. The planning phase aims to ensure that the audit team has a clear understanding of the audited area and its context, and that the audit plan is aligned with the expectations and needs of the auditee and other stakeholders.

The execution phase is the stage of the internal audit process where the audit team performs the audit procedures according to the audit plan. The execution phase involves testing the design and operating effectiveness of the controls, collecting and analyzing evidence, documenting the audit work and results, and identifying any issues or findings. The execution phase aims to provide sufficient and appropriate evidence to support the audit conclusions and recommendations.

The follow-up phase is the stage of the internal audit process where the audit team monitors and verifies the implementation of the corrective actions agreed upon by the auditee in response to the audit findings. The follow-up phase involves reviewing the evidence provided by the auditee, conducting additional tests or interviews if necessary, and evaluating whether the corrective actions have adequately addressed the root causes of the findings. The follow-up phase aims to ensure that the auditee has taken timely and effective actions to improve its processes and controls.

The selection phase is not a standard stage of the internal audit process, but it may refer to the process of selecting which areas or functions to audit based on a risk assessment or an annual audit plan. The selection phase involves evaluating the inherent and residual risks of each potential auditable area, considering the impact, likelihood, and frequency of those risks, as well as other factors such as regulatory requirements, stakeholder expectations, previous audit results, and available resources. The selection phase aims to prioritize and allocate the audit resources to those areas that present the highest risks or opportunities for improvement.

Therefore, option A is the correct answer.

References:

Stages and phases of internal audit - piranirisk.com

Step-by-Step Internal Audit Checklist | AuditBoard

Audit Process | The Office of Internal Audit - University of Oregon

The correct answer is D. Maintenance procedures should be considered when examining fire suppression systems as part of a data center environmental controls review. Fire suppression systems are critical for protecting the data center equipment and personnel from fire hazards. Therefore, they should be regularly maintained and tested to ensure their proper functioning and compliance with safety standards. Maintenance procedures should include inspection, cleaning, replacement, and repair of the fire suppression system components, as well as documentation of the maintenance activities and results. Installation manuals, onsite replacement availability, and insurance coverage are not directly related to the fire suppression system performance and effectiveness, and therefore are not relevant for the audit review. References: CISA Review Manual (Digital Version)1, page 403.

Full disk encryption (FDE) is a means of protecting information by encrypting all of the data on a disk, including temporary files, programs, and system files1. FDE is best suited for addressing the risk scenario of physical theft of media on which information is stored, as it prevents unauthorized access to the data even if the device is lost or stolen2. FDE does not prevent data leakage as a result of employees leaving to work for competitors, as they may still have access to the data while using the device or copy the data to another device before leaving. FDE does not prevent noncompliance fines related to storage of regulated information, as it does not ensure that the data is stored in accordance with the applicable laws and regulations. FDE does not prevent unauthorized logical access to information through an application interface, as it does not control the access rights and permissions of users and applications. *References: According to the ISACA IT Audit and Assurance Standards, Guidelines and Tools and Techniques for IS Audit and Assurance Professionals, section 2402 Planning, “The IS audit and assurance professional should identify and assess risk relevant to the area under review.” 3 One of the risk factors to consider is “the sensitivity of information processed, stored or transmitted by the system” 3. FDE is one of the possible controls to mitigate the risk of unauthorized disclosure of sensitive information due to physical theft of media.