Isaca CISA Questions Answers

The most significant impact to an organization that does not use an IT governance framework is inadequate alignment of IT plans and business objectives. IT governance is a framework for the governance and management of enterprise information and technology (I&T) that supports enterprise goal achievement1. IT governance helps to ensure that IT investments and activities are aligned with the business strategy, vision, and values of the organization. IT governance also helps to optimize the value of IT, manage IT-related risks, and measure and monitor IT performance1.

Without an IT governance framework, an organization may face challenges such as:

Lack of clarity and direction for IT decision making

Inconsistent or conflicting IT priorities and demands

Inefficient or ineffective use of IT resources and capabilities

Poor quality or delivery of IT services and products

Increased exposure to IT-related threats and vulnerabilities

Reduced customer satisfaction and trust in IT

Missed opportunities for innovation and competitive advantage

Therefore, an organization that does not use an IT governance framework may fail to achieve its business objectives and may lose its competitive edge in the market.

References:

COBIT 2019 Framework Introduction and Methodology, Section 1.1: What Is Governance of Enterprise I&T?

IT Governance: Definitions, Frameworks and Planning, Section 1: What Is IT Governance?

The most important thing for incident management to focus on when addressing an issue that causes an outage is restoring the system to operational state as quickly as possible. Incident management is the process of detecting, investigating, and resolving incidents that disrupt or degrade a service or system. An incident is an unplanned event that affects the normal functioning or quality of a service or system. An outage is a type of incident that causes a complete loss of service or system availability. The main goal of incident management is to restore the service or system to its operational state as quickly as possible, minimizing the impact on users and business operations.

*The other options are not as important as option B. Analyzing the root cause of the outage to ensure the incident will not re-occur is a valuable activity, but not the most important thing for incident management to focus on when addressing an issue that causes an outage. Root cause analysis is a process of identifying and eliminating the underlying factors that caused an incident or problem. Root cause analysis can help to prevent or reduce the likelihood of similar incidents or problems in the future. However, root cause analysis is usually performed after the incident has been resolved and the service or system has been restored. Ensuring all resolution steps are fully documented prior to returning the system to service is a good practice, but not the most important thing for incident management to focus on when addressing an issue that causes an outage. Documentation is a process of recording and maintaining information about an incident and its resolution steps. Documentation can help to improve communication, accountability, learning, and improvement within incident management. However, documentation should not delay or interfere with the restoration of the service or system. Rolling back the unsuccessful change to the previous state is a possible solution, but not the most important thing for incident management to focus on when addressing an issue that causes an outage. Rolling back is a process of reverting a change that has been applied to a service or system that caused an incident or problem. Rolling back can help to restore the service or system to its previous state before the change was made. 

Maximum Tolerable Outage (MTO) (A) defines the longest time an organization can tolerate an IT service being unavailable before significant business impact occurs.It determines business continuity planning and disaster recovery strategies.

Other options:

RPO (B)defines acceptable data loss but does not determine the total outage limit.

SDO (C)is related to service agreements but does not set the risk threshold.

AIW (D)is similar to MTO but is not as commonly used in disaster recovery planning.