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AWS Certified DevOps Engineer - Professional Questions and Answers

Question 1

A DevOps Engineer needs to deploy a scalable three-tier Node.js application in AWS. The application must have zero downtime during deployments and be able to roll back to previous versions. Other applications will also connect to the same MySQL backend database.

The CIO has provided the following guidance for logging:

*Centrally view all current web access server logs.

*Search and filter web and application logs in near-real time.

*Retain log data for three months.

How should these requirements be met?

Options:

A.

Deploy the application using AWS Elastic Beanstalk. Configure the environment type for Elastic Load Balancing and Auto Scaling. Create an Amazon RDS MySQL instance inside the Elastic Beanstalk stack. Configure the Elastic Beanstalk log options to stream logs to Amazon CloudWatch Logs. Set retention to 90 days.

B.

Deploy the application on Amazon EC2. Configure Elastic Load Balancing and Auto Scaling. Use an Amazon RDS MySQL instance for the database tier. Configure the application to store log files in Amazon S3. Use Amazon EMR to search and filter the data. Set an Amazon S3 lifecycle rule to expire objects after 90 days.

C.

Deploy the application using AWS Elastic Beanstalk. Configure the environment type for Elastic Load Balancing and Auto Scaling. Create the Amazon RDS MySQL instance outside the Elastic Beanstalk stack. Configure the Elastic Beanstalk log options to stream logs to Amazon CloudWatch Logs. Set retention to 90 days.

D.

Deploy the application on Amazon EC2. Configure Elastic Load Balancing and Auto Scaling. Use an Amazon RDS MySQL instance for the database tier. Configure the application to load streaming log data using Amazon Kinesis Data Firehouse into Amazon ES. Delete and create a new Amazon ES domain every 90 days.

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Question 2

An application running on a set of Amazon EC2 instances in an Auto Scaling group requires a configuration file to operate. The instances are created and maintained with AWS Cloud Formation. A DevOps engineer wants the instances to have the latest configuration file when launched, and wants changes to the configuration file to be reflected on all the instances with a minimal delay when the CloudFormation template is updated Company policy requires that application configuration files be maintained along with AWS infrastructure configuration files in source control.

Which solution will accomplish this?

Options:

A.

In the CloudFormation template, add an AWS Config rule. Place the configuration file content in the rule's InputParameters property, and set the Scope property to the EC2 Auto Scaling group. Add an AWS Systems Manager Resource Data Sync resource to the template to poll for updates to the configuration.

B.

In the CloudFormation template, add an EC2 launch template resource. Place the configuration file content in the launch template. Configure the cfn-init script to run when the instance is launched, and configure the cfn-hup script to poll for updates to the configuration.

C.

In the CloudFormation template, add an EC2 launch template resource. Place the configuration file content in the launch template. Add an AWS Systems Manager Resource Data Sync resource to the template to poll for updates to the configuration.

D.

In the CloudFormation template, add CloudFormation init metadata. Place the configuration file content in the metadata. Configure the cfn-init script to run when the instance is launched, and configure the cfn-hup script to poll for updates to the configuration.

Question 3

A company is using an AWS CloudFormation template to deploy web applications. The template requires that manual changes be made for each of the three major environments: production, staging, and development. The current sprint includes the new implementation and configuration of AWS CodePipeline for automated deployments.

What changes should the DevOps Engineer make to ensure that the CloudFormation template is reusable across multiple pipelines?

Options:

A.

Use a CloudFormation custom resource to query the status of the CodePipeline to determine which environment is launched. Dynamically alter the launch configuration of the Amazon EC2 instances.

B.

Set up a CodePipeline pipeline for each environment to use input parameters. Use CloudFormation mappings to switch associated UserData for the Amazon EC2 instances to match the environment being launched.

C.

Set up a CodePipeline pipeline that has multiple stages, one for each development environment. Use AWS Lambda functions to trigger CloudFormation deployments to dynamically alter the UserData of the Amazon EC2 instances launched in each environment.

D.

Use CloudFormation input parameters to dynamically alter the LaunchConfiguration and UserData sections of each Amazon EC2 instance every time the CloudFormation stack is updated.