Windows is the operating system that typically requires the most computing resources from the host computer, compared to the other options. Computing resources include hardware components such as CPU, RAM, disk space, graphics card, and network adapter. The minimum system requirements for an operating system indicate the minimum amount of computing resources needed to install and run the operating system on a computer. The higher the minimum system requirements, the more computing resources the operating system consumes.
According to the web search results, the minimum system requirements for Windows 10 and Windows 11 are as follows12:
CPU: 1 GHz or faster with two or more cores (Windows 10); 1 GHz or faster with two or more cores on a compatible 64-bit processor (Windows 11)
Disk space: 16 GB for 32-bit or 32 GB for 64-bit (Windows 10); 64 GB (Windows 11)
Graphics card: DirectX 9 or later with WDDM 1.0 driver (Windows 10); DirectX 12 compatible with WDDM 2.0 driver (Windows 11)
Network adapter: Ethernet or Wi-Fi (Windows 10); Ethernet or Wi-Fi that supports 5 GHz (Windows 11)
The minimum system requirements for macOS Ventura are as follows:
CPU: Intel Core i3 or higher, or Apple M1 chip
Disk space: 35.5 GB
Graphics card: Metal-capable
Network adapter: Ethernet or Wi-Fi
The minimum system requirements for Chrome OS are as follows:
Disk space: 16 GB
Graphics card: Integrated
Network adapter: Ethernet or Wi-Fi
The minimum system requirements for Android are as follows:
Disk space: 8 GB
Graphics card: OpenGL ES 2.0
Network adapter: Ethernet or Wi-Fi
The minimum system requirements for Linux vary depending on the distribution, but a common example is Ubuntu, which has the following minimum system requirements:
Disk space: 25 GB
Graphics card: 1024 x 768 screen resolution
Network adapter: Ethernet or Wi-Fi
Based on the comparison of the minimum system requirements, Windows has the highest requirements for CPU, RAM, disk space, and graphics card, while Chrome OS and Android have the lowest requirements. macOS and Linux have moderate requirements, depending on the hardware and software configuration. Therefore, Windows is the operating system that typically requires the most computing resources from the host computer.
References:
Windows, macOS, Chrome OS, or Linux: Which Operating System Is Right for You?1
Windows 10 vs 11 Minimum System Requirements: Why Need a New One?2
macOS Monterey - Technical Specifications
Chrome OS - Wikipedia
Android - Wikipedia
Installation/SystemRequirements - Community Help Wiki