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AWS Certified Solutions Architect - Associate (SAA-C03) Questions and Answers

Question 141

A company is using AWS DataSync to migrate millions of files from an on-premises system to AWS. The files are 10 KB in size on average.

The company wants to use Amazon S3 for file storage. For the first year after the migration the files will be accessed once or twice and must be immediately available. After 1 year the files must be archived for at least 7 years.

Which solution will meet these requirements MOST cost-effectively?

Options:

Use an archive tool lo group the files into large objects. Use DataSync to migrate the objects. Store the objects in S3 Glacier Instant Retrieval for the first year. Use a lifecycle configuration to transition the files to S3 Glacier Deep Archive after 1 year with a retention period of 7 years.

Use an archive tool to group the files into large objects. Use DataSync to copy the objects to S3 Standard-Infrequent Access (S3 Standard-IA). Use a lifecycle configuration to transition the files to S3 Glacier Instant Retrieval after 1 year with a retention period of 7 years.

Configure the destination storage class for the files as S3 Glacier Instant. Retrieval Use a lifecycle policy to transition the files to S3 Glacier Flexible Retrieval after 1 year with a retention period of 7 years.

Configure a DataSync task to transfer the files to S3 Standard-Infrequent Access (S3 Standard-IA) Use a lifecycle configuration to transition the files to S3. Deep Archive after 1 year with a retention period of 7 years.

Question 142

A company is planning to migrate customer records to an Amazon S3 bucket. The company needs to ensure that customer records are protected against unauthorized access and are encrypted in transit and at rest. The company must monitor all access to the S3 bucket.

Options:

Use AWS Key Management Service (AWS KMS) to encrypt customer records at rest. Create an S3 bucket policy that includes the aws:SecureTransport condition. Use an IAM policy to control access to the records. Use AWS CloudTrail to monitor access to the records.

Use AWS Nitro Enclaves to encrypt customer records at rest. Use AWS Key Management Service (AWS KMS) to encrypt the records in transit. Use an IAM policy to control access to the records. Use AWS CloudTrail and AWS Security Hub to monitor access to the records.

Use AWS Key Management Service (AWS KMS) to encrypt customer records at rest. Create an Amazon Cognito user pool to control access to the records. Use AWS CloudTrail to monitor access to the records. Use Amazon GuardDuty to detect threats.

Use server-side encryption with Amazon S3 managed keys (SSE-S3) with default settings to encrypt the records at rest. Access the records by using an Amazon CloudFront distribution that uses the S3 bucket as the origin. Use IAM roles to control access to the records. Use Amazon CloudWatch to monitor access to the records.

Question 143

A company runs an online order management system on AWS. The company stores order and inventory data for the previous 5 years in an Amazon Aurora MySQL database. The company deletes inventory data after 5 years.

The company wants to optimize costs to archive data.

Which solution will meet this requirement?

Options:

Create an AWS Glue crawler to export data to Amazon S3. Create an AWS Lambda function to compress the data.

Use the SELECT INTO OUTFILE S3 query on the Aurora database to export the data to Amazon S3. Configure S3 Lifecycle rules on the S3 bucket.

Create an AWS Glue DataBrew job to migrate data from Aurora to Amazon S3. Configure S3 Lifecycle rules on the S3 bucket.

Use the AWS Schema Conversion Tool (AWS SCT) to replicate data from Aurora to Amazon S3. Use the S3 Standard-Infrequent Access (S3 Standard-IA) storage class.

Question 144

A solutions architect is designing a three-tier web application. The architecture consists of an internet-facing Application Load Balancer (ALB) and a web tier that is hosted on Amazon EC2 instances in private subnets. The application tier with the business logic runs on EC2 instances in private subnets. The database tier consists of Microsoft SQL Server that runs on EC2 instances in private subnets. Security is a high priority for the company. Which combination of security group configurations should the solutions architect use? (Select THREE.)

Options:

Configure the security group for the web tier to allow inbound HTTPS traffic from the security group for the ALB.

Configure the security group for the web tier to allow outbound HTTPS traffic to 0.0.0.0/0.

Configure the security group for the database tier to allow inbound Microsoft SQL Server traffic from the security group for the application tier.

Configure the security group for the database tier to allow outbound HTTPS traffic and Microsoft SQL Server traffic to the security group for the web tier.

Configure the security group for the application tier to allow inbound HTTPS traffic from the security group for the web tier.

Configure the security group for the application tier to allow outbound HTTPS traffic and Microsoft SQL Server traffic to the security group for the web tier.

Answer:

A, C, E

Explanation:

According to AWS best practices, each tier’s security group must restrict inbound traffic to only the upstream trusted source. For the web tier, the Application Load Balancer must be the only entity allowed to send traffic. AWS documentation specifies: “Restrict the security groups associated with your targets to accept traffic only from the load balancer.” This confirms that the web tier security group should allow inbound HTTPS from the ALB security group (A).

For communication between the web and application tiers, AWS states: “You can specify a security group as the source or destination in a rule” and “Create rules only for the protocols and ports required by your application.” Therefore, the application tier security group must allow inbound HTTPS traffic from the web tier security group (E).

For the database tier, AWS guidance says: “Allow only the necessary ports for database communication.” Microsoft SQL Server listens on port 1433 by default, so the database tier security group must allow inbound SQL Server traffic from the application tier security group (C).

Outbound rules (options B, D, and F) are unnecessary because AWS specifies that “Security groups are stateful. Return traffic is automatically allowed.” This means once inbound rules are defined, the return path is automatically permitted without extra outbound configurations.

This combination (A, C, E) applies the principle of least privilege, ensures end-to-end secure communication across tiers, and follows AWS recommendations for ALB-to-target security group setups.

[References:• Elastic Load Balancing User Guide — Application Load Balancers: Security groups for your load balancer, Target security groups• Amazon VPC User Guide: Security groups for your VPC, Security group rules• AWS Well-Architected Framework — Security Pillar: Apply the principle of least privilege, , , ]

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AWS Certified Solutions Architect - Associate (SAA-C03) Questions and Answers

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