ASQ certification CQE Book

The authority for customer audits at a supplier’s facility is typically outlined in contracts or purchasing agreements.

These documents specify the terms and conditions under which the supplier agrees to allow audits by the customer.

Quality management system documents and certificates of conformance do not usually grant audit authority.

References: The ASQ "Auditing Handbook" and ISO 9001 standards emphasize that contractual agreements define the rights and obligations regarding audits.

Risk control involves making decisions using information about acceptable levels of risk. This process helps ensure that the risks associated with various activities are managed within tolerable limits, balancing the potential impact with the organization's risk appetite.

Management commitment is the most crucial aspect of a successful quality improvement effort. Without the active involvement and support of management, quality initiatives are less likely to receive the necessary resources, attention, and prioritization. Management commitment includes setting clear quality goals, providing the required resources, and leading by example to foster a culture of continuous improvement. This ensures that quality improvement is integrated into the organizational strategy and receives ongoing support and reinforcement.

References:

Juran, J.M., & Gryna, F.M. (1993). Quality Planning and Analysis: From Product Development through Use. McGraw-Hill.

Crosby, P.B. (1979). Quality is Free. McGraw-Hill.

A critical design review (CDR) is an assessment of the product or system design's maturity, ensuring that it meets the specified requirements and is ready to proceed to the next development stage. It evaluates design performance, reliability, and readiness for production.

References:

INCOSE. (2015). Systems Engineering Handbook: A Guide for System Life Cycle Processes and Activities. Wiley.

NASA. (2016). Systems Engineering Handbook. NASA SP-2016-6105 Rev 2.