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AWS Certified DevOps Engineer - Professional Questions and Answers

Question 1

A company is divided into teams Each team has an AWS account and all the accounts are in an organization in AWS Organizations. Each team must retain full administrative rights to its AWS account. Each team also must be allowed to access only AWS services that the company approves for use AWS services must gam approval through a request and approval process.

How should a DevOps engineer configure the accounts to meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Use AWS CloudFormation StackSets to provision IAM policies in each account to deny access to restricted AWS services. In each account configure AWS Config rules that ensure that the policies are attached to IAM principals in the account.

B.

Use AWS Control Tower to provision the accounts into OUs within the organization Configure AWS Control Tower to enable AWS IAM identity Center (AWS Single Sign-On). Configure 1AM Identity Center to provide administrative access Include deny policies on user roles for restricted AWS services.

C.

Place all the accounts under a new top-level OU within the organization Create an SCP that denies access to restricted AWS services Attach the SCP to the OU.

D.

Create an SCP that allows access to only approved AWS services. Attach the SCP to the root OU of the organization. Remove the FullAWSAccess SCP from the root OU of the organization.

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Question 2

A company has an application that runs on Amazon EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer (ALB) The EC2 Instances are in multiple Availability Zones The application was misconfigured in a single Availability Zone, which caused a partial outage of the application.

A DevOps engineer made changes to ensure that the unhealthy EC2 instances in one Availability Zone do not affect the healthy EC2 instances in the other Availability Zones. The DevOps engineer needs to test the application's failover and shift where the ALB sends traffic During failover. the ALB must avoid sending traffic to the Availability Zone where the failure has occurred.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Turn off cross-zone load balancing on the ALB Use Amazon Route 53 Application Recovery Controller to start a zonal shift away from the Availability Zone

B.

Turn off cross-zone load balancing on the ALB's target group Use Amazon Route 53 Application Recovery Controller to start a zonal shift away from the Availability Zone

C.

Create an Amazon Route 53 Application Recovery Controller resource set that uses the DNS hostname of the ALB Start a zonal shift for the resource set away from the Availability Zone

D.

Create an Amazon Route 53 Application Recovery Controller resource set that uses the ARN of the ALB's target group Create a readiness check that uses the ElbV2TargetGroupsCanServeTraffic rule

Question 3

A company hired a penetration tester to simulate an internal security breach The tester performed port scans on the company's Amazon EC2 instances. The company's security measures did not detect the port scans.

The company needs a solution that automatically provides notification when port scans are performed on EC2 instances. The company creates and subscribes to an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic.

What should the company do next to meet the requirement?

Options:

A.

Ensure that Amazon GuardDuty is enabled Create an Amazon CloudWatch alarm for detected EC2 and port scan findings. Connect the alarm to the SNS topic.

B.

Ensure that Amazon Inspector is enabled Create an Amazon EventBridge event for detected network reachability findings that indicate port scans Connect the event to the SNS topic.

C.

Ensure that Amazon Inspector is enabled. Create an Amazon EventBridge event for detected CVEs that cause open port vulnerabilities. Connect the event to the SNS topic

D.

Ensure that AWS CloudTrail is enabled Create an AWS Lambda function to analyze the CloudTrail logs for unusual amounts of traffic from an IP address range Connect the Lambda function to the SNS topic.

Question 4

A DevOps engineer is architecting a continuous development strategy for a company's software as a service (SaaS) web application running on AWS. For application and security reasons users subscribing to this application are distributed across multiple. Application Load Balancers (ALBs) each of which has a dedicated Auto Scaling group and fleet of Amazon EC2 instances The application does not require a build stage and when it is committed to AWS CodeCommit, the application must trigger a simultaneous deployment to all ALBs Auto Scaling groups and EC2 fleets.

Which architecture will meet these requirements with the LEAST amount of configuration?

Options:

A.

Create a single AWS CodePipeline pipeline that deploys the application in parallel using unique AWS CodeDeploy applications and deployment groups created for each ALB-Auto Scaling group pair.

B.

Create a single AWS CodePipeline pipeline that deploys the application using a single AWS CodeDeploy application and single deployment group.

C.

Create a single AWS CodePipeline pipeline that deploys the application in parallel using a single AWS CodeDeploy application and unique deployment group for each ALB-Auto Scaling group pair.

D.

Create an AWS CodePipeline pipeline for each ALB-Auto Scaling group pair that deploys the application using an AWS CodeDeploy application and deployment group created for the same ALB-Auto Scaling group pair.

Question 5

A company is building a web and mobile application that uses a serverless architecture powered by AWS Lambda and Amazon API Gateway The company wants to fully automate the backend Lambda deployment based on code that is pushed to the appropriate environment branch in an AWS CodeCommit repository

The deployment must have the following:

• Separate environment pipelines for testing and production

• Automatic deployment that occurs for test environments only

Which steps should be taken to meet these requirements'?

Options:

A.

Configure a new AWS CodePipelme service Create a CodeCommit repository for each environment Set up CodePipeline to retrieve the source code from the appropriate repository Set up the deployment step to deploy the Lambda functions with AWS CloudFormation.

B.

Create two AWS CodePipeline configurations for test and production environments Configure the production pipeline to have a manual approval step Create a

CodeCommit repository for each environment Set up each CodePipeline to retrieve the source code from the appropriate repository Set up the deployment step to deploy the Lambda functions with AWS CloudFormation.

C.

Create two AWS CodePipeline configurations for test and production environments Configure the production pipeline to have a manual approval step. Create one CodeCommit repository with a branch for each environment Set up each CodePipeline to retrieve the source code from the appropriate branch in the repository. Set up the deployment step to deploy the Lambda functions with AWS CloudFormation

D.

Create an AWS CodeBuild configuration for test and production environments Configure the production pipeline to have a manual approval step. Create one CodeCommit repository with a branch for each environment Push the Lambda function code to an Amazon S3 bucket Set up the deployment step to deploy the Lambda functions from the S3 bucket.

Question 6

A DevOps engineer has created an AWS CloudFormation template that deploys an application on Amazon EC2 instances The EC2 instances run Amazon Linux The application is deployed to the EC2 instances by using shell scripts that contain user data. The EC2 instances have an 1AM instance profile that has an 1AM role with the AmazonSSMManagedlnstanceCore managed policy attached

The DevOps engineer has modified the user data in the CloudFormation template to install a new version of the application. The engineer has also applied the stack update. However, the application was not updated on the running EC2 instances. The engineer needs to ensure that the changes to the application are installed on the running EC2 instances.

Which combination of steps will meet these requirements? (Select TWO.)

Options:

A.

Configure the user data content to use the Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions (MIME) multipart format. Set the scripts-user parameter to always in the text/cloud-config section.

B.

Refactor the user data commands to use the cfn-init helper script. Update the user data to install and configure the cfn-hup and cfn-mit helper scripts to monitor and apply the metadata changes

C.

Configure an EC2 launch template for the EC2 instances. Create a new EC2 Auto Scaling group. Associate the Auto Scaling group with the EC2 launch template Use the AutoScalingScheduledAction update policy for the Auto Scaling group.

D.

Refactor the user data commands to use an AWS Systems Manager document (SSM document). Add an AWS CLI command in the user data to use Systems Manager Run Command to apply the SSM document to the EC2 instances

E.

Refactor the user data command to use an AWS Systems Manager document (SSM document) Use Systems Manager State Manager to create an association between the SSM document and the EC2 instances.

Question 7

A company uses AWS WAF to protect its cloud infrastructure. A DevOps engineer needs to give an operations team the ability to analyze log messages from AWS WAR. The operations team needs to be able to create alarms for specific patterns in the log output.

Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?

Options:

A.

Create an Amazon CloudWatch Logs log group. Configure the appropriate AWS WAF web ACL to send log messages to the log group. Instruct the operations team to create CloudWatch metric filters.

B.

Create an Amazon OpenSearch Service cluster and appropriate indexes. Configure an Amazon Kinesis Data Firehose delivery stream to stream log data to the indexes. Use OpenSearch Dashboards to create filters and widgets.

C.

Create an Amazon S3 bucket for the log output. Configure AWS WAF to send log outputs to the S3 bucket. Instruct the operations team to create AWS Lambda functions that detect each desired log message pattern. Configure the Lambda functions to publish to an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic.

D.

Create an Amazon S3 bucket for the log output. Configure AWS WAF to send log outputs to the S3 bucket. Use Amazon Athena to create an external table definition that fits the log message pattern. Instruct the operations team to write SOL queries and to create Amazon CloudWatch metric filters for the Athena queries.

Question 8

A company uses an organization in AWS Organizations that has all features enabled. The company uses AWS Backup in a primary account and uses an AWS Key Management Service (AWS KMS) key to encrypt the backups.

The company needs to automate a cross-account backup of the resources that AWS Backup backs up in the primary account. The company configures cross-account backup in the Organizations management account. The company creates a new AWS account in the organization and configures an AWS Backup backup vault in the new account. The company creates a KMS key in the new account to encrypt the backups. Finally, the company configures a new backup plan in the primary account. The destination for the new backup plan is the backup vault in the new account.

When the AWS Backup job in the primary account is invoked, the job creates backups in the primary account. However, the backups are not copied to the new account's backup vault.

Which combination of steps must the company take so that backups can be copied to the new account's backup vault? (Select TWO.)

Options:

A.

Edit the backup vault access policy in the new account to allow access to the primary account.

B.

Edit the backup vault access policy in the primary account to allow access to the new account.

C.

Edit the backup vault access policy in the primary account to allow access to the KMS key in the new account.

D.

Edit the key policy of the KMS key in the primary account to share the key with the new account.

E.

Edit the key policy of the KMS key in the new account to share the key with the primary account.

Question 9

A company wants to use AWS development tools to replace its current bash deployment scripts. The company currently deploys a LAMP application to a group of Amazon EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer (ALB). During the deployments, the company unit tests the committed application, stops and starts services, unregisters and re-registers instances with the load balancer, and updates file permissions. The company wants to maintain the same deployment functionality through the shift to using AWS services.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Use AWS CodeBuild to test the application. Use bash scripts invoked by AWS CodeDeploy's appspec.yml file to restart services, and deregister and register instances with the ALB. Use the appspec.yml file to update file permissions without a custom script.

B.

Use AWS CodePipeline to move the application from the AWS CodeCommit repository to AWS CodeDeploy. Use CodeDeploy's deployment group to test the application, unregister and re-register instances with the ALB. and restart services. Use the appspec.yml file to update file permissions without a custom script.

C.

Use AWS CodePipeline to move the application source code from the AWS CodeCommit repository to AWS CodeDeploy. Use CodeDeploy to test the application. Use CodeDeploy's appspec.yml file to restart services and update permissions without a custom script. Use AWS CodeBuild to unregister and re-register instances with the ALB.

D.

Use AWS CodePipeline to trigger AWS CodeBuild to test the application. Use bash scripts invoked by AWS CodeDeploy's appspec.yml file to restart services. Unregister and re-register the instances in the AWS CodeDeploy deployment group with the ALB. Update the appspec.yml file to update file permissions without a custom script.

Question 10

A DevOps engineer is planning to deploy a Ruby-based application to production. The application needs to interact with an Amazon RDS for MySQL database and should have automatic scaling and high availability. The stored data in the database is critical and should persist regardless of the state of the application stack.

The DevOps engineer needs to set up an automated deployment strategy for the application with automatic rollbacks. The solution also must alert the application team when a deployment fails.

Which combination of steps will meet these requirements? (Select THREE.)

Options:

A.

Deploy the application on AWS Elastic Beanstalk. Deploy an Amazon RDS for MySQL DB instance as part of the Elastic Beanstalk configuration.

B.

Deploy the application on AWS Elastic Beanstalk. Deploy a separate Amazon RDS for MySQL DB instance outside of Elastic Beanstalk.

C.

Configure a notification email address that alerts the application team in the AWS Elastic Beanstalk configuration.

D.

Configure an Amazon EventBridge rule to monitor AWS Health events. Use an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic as a target to alert the application team.

E.

Use the immutable deployment method to deploy new application versions.

F.

Use the rolling deployment method to deploy new application versions.

Question 11

A company is migrating its on-premises Windows applications and Linux applications to AWS. The company will use automation to launch Amazon EC2 instances to mirror the on-premises configurations. The migrated applications require access to shared storage that uses SMB for Windows and NFS for Linux.

The company is also creating a pilot light disaster recovery (DR) environment in another AWS Region. The company will use automation to launch and configure the EC2 instances in the DR Region. The company needs to replicate the storage to the DR Region.

Which storage solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Use Amazon S3 for the application storage. Create an S3 bucket in the primary Region and an S3 bucket in the DR Region. Configure S3 Cross-Region Replication (CRR) from the primary Region to the DR Region.

B.

Use Amazon Elastic Block Store (Amazon EBS) for the application storage. Create a backup plan in AWS Backup that creates snapshots of the EBS volumes that are in the primary Region and replicates the snapshots to the DR Region.

C.

Use a Volume Gateway in AWS Storage Gateway for the application storage. Configure Cross-Region Replication (CRR) of the Volume Gateway from the primary Region to the DR Region.

D.

Use Amazon FSx for NetApp ONTAP for the application storage. Create an FSx for ONTAP instance in the DR Region. Configure NetApp SnapMirror replication from the primary Region to the DR Region.

Question 12

A company has an AWS CodePipeline pipeline that is configured with an Amazon S3 bucket in the eu-west-1 Region. The pipeline deploys an AWS Lambda application to the same Region. The pipeline consists of an AWS CodeBuild project build action and an AWS CloudFormation deploy action.

The CodeBuild project uses the aws cloudformation package AWS CLI command to build an artifact that contains the Lambda function code’s .zip file and the CloudFormation template. The CloudFormation deploy action references the CloudFormation template from the output artifact of the CodeBuild project’s build action.

The company wants to also deploy the Lambda application to the us-east-1 Region by using the pipeline in eu-west-1. A DevOps engineer has already updated the CodeBuild project to use the aws cloudformation package command to produce an additional output artifact for us-east-1.

Which combination of additional steps should the DevOps engineer take to meet these requirements? (Choose two.)

Options:

A.

Modify the CloudFormation template to include a parameter for the Lambda function code’s zip file location. Create a new CloudFormation deploy action for us-east-1 in thepipeline. Configure the new deploy action to pass in the us-east-1 artifact location as a parameter override.

B.

Create a new CloudFormation deploy action for us-east-1 in the pipeline. Configure the new deploy action to use the CloudFormation template from the us-east-1 output artifact.

C.

Create an S3 bucket in us-east-1. Configure the S3 bucket policy to allow CodePipeline to have read and write access.

D.

Create an S3 bucket in us-east-1. Configure S3 Cross-Region Replication (CRR) from the S3 bucket in eu-west-1 to the S3 bucket in us-east-1.

E.

Modify the pipeline to include the S3 bucket for us-east-1 as an artifact store. Create a new CloudFormation deploy action for us-east-1 in the pipeline. Configure the new deploy action to use the CloudFormation template from the us-east-1 output artifact.

Question 13

The security team depends on AWS CloudTrail to detect sensitive security issues in the company's AWS account. The DevOps engineer needs a solution to auto-remediate CloudTrail being turned off in an AWS account.

What solution ensures the LEAST amount of downtime for the CloudTrail log deliveries?

Options:

A.

Create an Amazon EventBridge rule for the CloudTrail StopLogging event. Create an AWS Lambda (unction that uses the AWS SDK to call StartLogging on the ARN of the resource in which StopLogging was called. Add the Lambda function ARN as a target to the EventBridge rule.

B.

Deploy the AWS-managed CloudTrail-enabled AWS Config rule set with a periodic interval to 1 hour. Create an Amazon EventBridge rule tor AWS Config rules compliancechange. Create an AWS Lambda function that uses the AWS SDK to call StartLogging on the ARN of the resource in which StopLoggmg was called. Add the Lambda function ARN as a target to the EventBridge rule.

C.

Create an Amazon EventBridge rule for a scheduled event every 5 minutes. Create an AWS Lambda function that uses the AWS SDK to call StartLogging on a CloudTrail trail in the AWS account. Add the Lambda function ARN as a target to the EventBridge rule.

D.

Launch a t2 nano instance with a script running every 5 minutes that uses the AWS SDK to query CloudTrail in the current account. If the CloudTrail trail is disabled have the script re-enable the trail.

Question 14

A company has many AWS accounts. During AWS account creation the company uses automation to create an Amazon CloudWatch Logs log group in every AWS Region thatthe company operates in. The automaton configures new resources in the accounts to publish logs to the provisioned log groups in their Region.

The company has created a logging account to centralize the logging from all the other accounts. A DevOps engineer needs to aggregate the log groups from all the accounts to an existing Amazon S3 bucket in the logging account.

Which solution will meet these requirements in the MOST operationally efficient manner?

Options:

A.

In the logging account create a CloudWatch Logs destination with a destination policy. For each new account subscribe the CloudWatch Logs log groups to the. Destination Configure a single Amazon Kinesis data stream and a single Amazon Kinesis Data Firehose delivery stream to deliver the logs from the CloudWatch Logs destination to the S3 bucket.

B.

In the logging account create a CloudWatch Logs destination with a destination policy for each Region. For each new account subscribe the CloudWatch Logs log groups to the destination. Configure a single Amazon Kinesis data stream and a single Amazon Kinesis Data Firehose delivery stream to deliver the logs from all the CloudWatch Logs destinations to the S3 bucket.

C.

In the logging account create a CloudWatch Logs destination with a destination policy for each Region. For each new account subscribe the CloudWatch Logs log groups to the destination Configure an Amazon Kinesis data stream and an Amazon Kinesis Data Firehose delivery stream for each Region to deliver the logs from the CloudWatch Logs destinations to the S3 bucket.

D.

In the logging account create a CloudWatch Logs destination with a destination policy. For each new account subscribe the CloudWatch Logs log groups to the destination. Configure a single Amazon Kinesis data stream to deliver the logs from the CloudWatch Logs destination to the S3 bucket.

Question 15

A company has an organization in AWS Organizations for its multi-account environment. A DevOps engineer is developing an AWS CodeArtifact based strategy for application package management across the organization. Each application team at the company has its own account in the organization. Each application team also has limited access to a centralized shared services account.

Each application team needs full access to download, publish, and grant access to its own packages. Some common library packages that the application teams use must also be shared with the entire organization.

Which combination of steps will meet these requirements with the LEAST administrative overhead? (Select THREE.)

Options:

A.

Create a domain in each application team's account. Grant each application team's account lull read access and write access to the application team's domain

B.

Create a domain in the shared services account Grant the organization read access and CreateRepository access.

C.

Create a repository in each application team's account. Grant each application team's account lull read access and write access to its own repository.

D.

Create a repository in the shared services account. Grant the organization read access to the repository in the shared services account. Set the repository as the upstream repository in each application team's repository.

E.

For teams that require shared packages, create resource-based policies that allow read access to the repository from other application teams' accounts.

F.

Set the other application teams' repositories as upstream repositories.

Question 16

A company uses AWS Organizations to manage multiple accounts. Information security policies require that all unencrypted Amazon EBS volumes be marked as non-compliant. A DevOps engineer needs to automatically deploy the solution and ensure that this compliance check is always present.

Which solution will accomplish this?

Options:

A.

Create an AWS CloudFormation template that defines an AWS Inspector rule to check whether EBS encryption is enabled. Save the template to an Amazon S3 bucket that has been shared with all accounts within the company. Update the account creation script pointing to the CloudFormation template in Amazon S3.

B.

Create an AWS Config organizational rule to check whether EBS encryption is enabled and deploy the rule using the AWS CLI. Create and apply an SCP to prohibit stopping and deleting AWS Config across the organization.

C.

Create an SCP in Organizations. Set the policy to prevent the launch of Amazon EC2 instances without encryption on the EBS volumes using a conditional expression. Apply the SCP to all AWS accounts. Use Amazon Athena to analyze the AWS CloudTrail output, looking for events that deny an ec2: RunInstances action.

D.

Deploy an IAM role to all accounts from a single trusted account. Build a pipeline with AWS CodePipeline with a stage in AWS Lambda to assume the IAM role, and list all EBS volumes in the account. Publish a report to Amazon S3.

Question 17

A company has developed a serverless web application that is hosted on AWS. The application consists of Amazon S3. Amazon API Gateway, several AWS Lambda functions, and an Amazon RDS for MySQL database. The company is using AWS CodeCommit to store the source code. The source code is a combination of AWS Serverless Application Model (AWS SAM) templates and Python code.

A security audit and penetration test reveal that user names and passwords for authentication to the database are hardcoded within CodeCommit repositories. A DevOps engineer must implement a solution to automatically detect and prevent hardcoded secrets.

What is the MOST secure solution that meets these requirements?

Options:

A.

Enable Amazon CodeGuru Profiler. Decorate the handler function with @with_lambda_profiler(). Manually review the recommendation report. Write the secret to AWS Systems Manager Parameter Store as a secure string. Update the SAM templates and the Python code to pull the secret from Parameter Store.

B.

Associate the CodeCommit repository with Amazon CodeGuru Reviewer. Manually check the code review for any recommendations. Choose the option to protect the secret. Update the SAM templates and the Python code to pull the secret from AWS Secrets Manager.

C.

Enable Amazon CodeGuru Profiler. Decorate the handler function with @with_lambda_profiler(). Manually review the recommendation report. Choose the option to protect the secret. Update the SAM templates and the Python code to pull the secret from AWS Secrets Manager.

D.

Associate the CodeCommit repository with Amazon CodeGuru Reviewer. Manually check the code review for any recommendations. Write the secret to AWS Systems Manager Parameter Store as a string. Update the SAM templates and the Python code to pull the secret from Parameter Store.

Question 18

A company sells products through an ecommerce web application The company wants a dashboard that shows a pie chart of product transaction details. The company wants to integrate the dashboard With the company’s existing Amazon CloudWatch dashboards

Which solution Will meet these requirements With the MOST operational efficiency?

Options:

A.

Update the ecommerce application to emit a JSON object to a CloudWatch log group for each processed transaction. Use CloudWatch Logs Insights to query the log group and to visualize the results in a pie chart format Attach the results to the desired CloudWatch dashboard.

B.

Update the ecommerce application to emit a JSON object to an Amazon S3 bucket for each processed transaction. Use Amazon Athena to query the S3 bucket and to visualize the results In a Pie chart format. Export the results from Athena Attach the results to the desired CloudWatch dashboard

C.

Update the ecommerce application to use AWS X-Ray for instrumentation. Create a new X-Ray subsegment Add an annotation for each processed transaction. Use X-Ray traces to query the data and to visualize the results in a pie chart format Attach the results to the desired CloudWatch dashboard

D.

Update the ecommerce application to emit a JSON object to a CloudWatch log group for each processed transaction_ Create an AWS Lambda function to aggregate and write the results to Amazon DynamoDB. Create a Lambda subscription filter for the log file. Attach the results to the desired CloudWatch dashboard.

Question 19

A company's application is currently deployed to a single AWS Region. Recently, the company opened a new office on a different continent. The users in the new office are experiencing high latency. The company's application runs on Amazon EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer (ALB) and uses Amazon DynamoDB as the database layer. The instances run in an EC2 Auto Scaling group across multiple Availability Zones. A DevOps engineer is tasked with minimizing application response times and improving availability for users in both Regions.

Which combination of actions should be taken to address the latency issues? (Choose three.)

Options:

A.

Create a new DynamoDB table in the new Region with cross-Region replication enabled.

B.

Create new ALB and Auto Scaling group global resources and configure the new ALB to direct traffic to the new Auto Scaling group.

C.

Create new ALB and Auto Scaling group resources in the new Region and configure the new ALB to direct traffic to the new Auto Scaling group.

D.

Create Amazon Route 53 records, health checks, and latency-based routing policies to route to the ALB.

E.

Create Amazon Route 53 aliases, health checks, and failover routing policies to route to the ALB.

F.

Convert the DynamoDB table to a global table.

Question 20

A DevOps engineer needs to configure a blue green deployment for an existing three-tier application. The application runs on Amazon EC2 instances and uses an Amazon RDS database The EC2 instances run behind an Application Load Balancer (ALB) and are in an Auto Scaling group.

The DevOps engineer has created a launch template and an Auto Scaling group for the blue environment. The DevOps engineer also has created a launch template and an Auto Scaling group for the green environment. Each Auto Scaling group deploys to a matching blue or green target group. The target group also specifies which software blue or green gets loaded on the EC2 instances. The ALB can be configured to send traffic to the blue environments target group or the green environments target group. An Amazon Route 53 record for www example com points to the ALB.

The deployment must move traffic all at once between the software on the blue environment's EC2 instances to the newly deployed software on the green environments EC2 instances

What should the DevOps engineer do to meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Start a rolling restart to the Auto Scaling group tor the green environment to deploy the new software on the green environment's EC2 instances When the rolling restart is complete, use an AWS CLI command to update the ALB to send traffic to the green environment's target group.

B.

Use an AWS CLI command to update the ALB to send traffic to the green environment's target group. Then start a rolling restart of the Auto Scaling group for the green environment to deploy the new software on the green environment's EC2 instances.

C.

Update the launch template to deploy the green environment's software on the blue environment's EC2 instances Keep the target groups and Auto Scaling groups unchanged in both environments Perform a rolling restart of the blue environment's EC2 instances.

D.

Start a rolling restart of the Auto Scaling group for the green environment to deploy the new software on the green environment's EC2 instances When the rolling restart is complete, update the Route 53 DNS to point to the green environments endpoint on the ALB.

Question 21

A development team is using AWS CodeCommit to version control application code and AWS CodePipeline to orchestrate software deployments. The team has decided to use a remote main branch as the trigger for the pipeline to integrate code changes. A developer has pushed code changes to the CodeCommit repository, but noticed that the pipeline had no reaction, even after 10 minutes.

Which of the following actions should be taken to troubleshoot this issue?

Options:

A.

Check that an Amazon EventBridge rule has been created for the main branch to trigger the pipeline.

B.

Check that the CodePipeline service role has permission to access the CodeCommit repository.

C.

Check that the developer’s IAM role has permission to push to the CodeCommit repository.

D.

Check to see if the pipeline failed to start because of CodeCommit errors in Amazon CloudWatch Logs.

Question 22

An ecommerce company has chosen AWS to host its new platform. The company's DevOps team has started building an AWS Control Tower landing zone. The DevOps team has set the identity store within AWS IAM Identity Center (AWS Single Sign-On) to external identity provider (IdP) and has configured SAML 2.0.

The DevOps team wants a robust permission model that applies the principle of least privilege. The model must allow the team to build and manage only the team's own resources.

Which combination of steps will meet these requirements? (Choose three.)

Options:

A.

Create IAM policies that include the required permissions. Include the aws:PrincipalTag condition key.

B.

Create permission sets. Attach an inline policy that includes the required permissions and uses the aws:PrincipalTag condition key to scope the permissions.

C.

Create a group in the IdP. Place users in the group. Assign the group to accounts and the permission sets in IAM Identity Center.

D.

Create a group in the IdP. Place users in the group. Assign the group to OUs and IAM policies.

E.

Enable attributes for access control in IAM Identity Center. Apply tags to users. Map the tags as key-value pairs.

F.

Enable attributes for access control in IAM Identity Center. Map attributes from the IdP as key-value pairs.

Question 23

A company has an AWS Control Tower landing zone. The company's DevOps team creates a workload OU. A development OU and a production OU are nested under the workload OU. The company grants users full access to the company's AWS accounts to deploy applications.

The DevOps team needs to allow only a specific management 1AM role to manage the 1AM roles and policies of any AWS accounts In only the production OU.

Which combination of steps will meet these requirements? {Select TWO.)

Options:

A.

Create an SCP that denies full access with a condition to exclude the management 1AM role for the organization root.

B.

Ensure that the FullAWSAccess SCP is applied at the organization root

C.

Create an SCP that allows IAM related actions Attach the SCP to the development OU

D.

Create an SCP that denies IAM related actions with a condition to exclude the management I AM role Attach the SCP to the workload OU

E.

Create an SCP that denies IAM related actions with a condition to exclude the management 1AM role Attach the SCP to the production OU

Question 24

A company recently deployed its web application on AWS. The company is preparing for a large-scale sales event and must ensure that the web application can scale to meet the demand

The application's frontend infrastructure includes an Amazon CloudFront distribution that has an Amazon S3 bucket as an origin. The backend infrastructure includes an Amazon API Gateway API. several AWS Lambda functions, and an Amazon Aurora DB cluster

The company's DevOps engineer conducts a load test and identifies that the Lambda functions can fulfill the peak number of requests However, the DevOps engineer notices request latency during the initial burst of requests Most of the requests to the Lambda functions produce queries to the database A large portion of the invocation time is used to establish database connections

Which combination of steps will provide the application with the required scalability? (Select TWO)

Options:

A.

Configure a higher reserved concurrency for the Lambda functions.

B.

Configure a higher provisioned concurrency for the Lambda functions

C.

Convert the DB cluster to an Aurora global database Add additional Aurora Replicas in AWS Regions based on the locations of the company's customers.

D.

Refactor the Lambda Functions Move the code blocks that initialize database connections into the function handlers.

E.

Use Amazon RDS Proxy to create a proxy for the Aurora database Update the Lambda functions to use the proxy endpoints for database connections.

Question 25

A DevOps engineer notices that all Amazon EC2 instances running behind an Application Load Balancer in an Auto Scaling group are failing to respond to user requests. The EC2 instances are also failing target group HTTP health checks

Upon inspection, the engineer notices the application process was not running in any EC2 instances. There are a significant number of out of memory messages in the system logs. The engineer needs to improve the resilience of the application to cope with a potential application memory leak. Monitoring and notifications should be enabled to alert when there is an issue

Which combination of actions will meet these requirements? (Select TWO.)

Options:

A.

Change the Auto Scaling configuration to replace the instances when they fail the load balancer's health checks.

B.

Change the target group health check HealthChecklntervalSeconds parameter to reduce the interval between health checks.

C.

Change the target group health checks from HTTP to TCP to check if the port where the application is listening is reachable.

D.

Enable the available memory consumption metric within the Amazon CloudWatch dashboard for the entire Auto Scaling group Create an alarm when the memory utilization is high Associate an Amazon SNS topic to the alarm to receive notifications when the alarm goes off

E.

Use the Amazon CloudWatch agent to collect the memory utilization of the EC2 instances in the Auto Scaling group Create an alarm when the memory utilization is high and associate an Amazon SNS topic to receive a notification.

Question 26

A company is testing a web application that runs on Amazon EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer. The instances run in an Auto Scaling group across multiple Availability Zones. The company uses a blue green deployment process with immutable instances when deploying new software.

During testing users are being automatically logged out of the application at random times. Testers also report that when a new version of the application is deployed all users are logged out. The development team needs a solution to ensure users remain logged m across scaling events and application deployments.

What is the MOST operationally efficient way to ensure users remain logged in?

Options:

A.

Enable smart sessions on the load balancer and modify the application to check tor an existing session.

B.

Enable session sharing on the toad balancer and modify the application to read from the session store.

C.

Store user session information in an Amazon S3 bucket and modify the application to read session information from the bucket.

D.

Modify the application to store user session information in an Amazon ElastiCache cluster.

Question 27

A company hosts its staging website using an Amazon EC2 instance backed with Amazon EBS storage. The company wants to recover quickly with minimal data losses in the event of network connectivity issues or power failures on the EC2 instance.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Add the instance to an EC2 Auto Scaling group with the minimum, maximum, and desired capacity set to 1.

B.

Add the instance to an EC2 Auto Scaling group with a lifecycle hook to detach the EBS volume when the EC2 instance shuts down or terminates.

C.

Create an Amazon CloudWatch alarm for the StatusCheckFailed System metric and select the EC2 action to recover the instance.

D.

Create an Amazon CloudWatch alarm for the StatusCheckFailed Instance metric and select the EC2 action to reboot the instance.

Question 28

AnyCompany is using AWS Organizations to create and manage multiple AWS accounts AnyCompany recently acquired a smaller company, Example Corp. During the acquisition process, Example Corp's single AWS account joined AnyCompany's management account through an Organizations invitation. AnyCompany moved the new member account under an OU that is dedicated to Example Corp.

AnyCompany's DevOps eng•neer has an IAM user that assumes a role that is named OrganizationAccountAccessRole to access member accounts. This role is configured with a full access policy When the DevOps engineer tries to use the AWS Management Console to assume the role in Example Corp's new member account, the DevOps engineer receives the following error message "Invalid information in one or more fields. Check your information or contact your administrator."

Which solution will give the DevOps engineer access to the new member account?

Options:

A.

In the management account, grant the DevOps engineer's IAM user permission to assume the OrganzatlonAccountAccessR01e IAM role in the new member account.

B.

In the management account, create a new SCR In the SCP, grant the DevOps engineer's IAM user full access to all resources in the new member account. Attach the SCP to the OU that contains the new member account,

C.

In the new member account, create a new IAM role that is named OrganizationAccountAccessRole. Attach the AdmInistratorAccess AVVS managed policy to the role. In the role's trust policy, grant the management account permission to assume the role.

D.

In the new member account edit the trust policy for the Organ zationAccountAccessRole IAM role. Grant the management account permission to assume the role.

Question 29

A DevOps engineer has developed an AWS Lambda function The Lambda function starts an AWS CloudFormation drift detection operation on all supported resources for a specific CloudFormation stack The Lambda function then exits Its invocation The DevOps engineer has created an Amazon EventBrdge scheduled rule that Invokes the Lambda function every hour. An Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic already exists In the AWS account. The DevOps engineer has subscribed to the SNS topic to receive notifications

The DevOps engineer needs to receive a notification as soon as possible when drift is detected in this specific stack configuration.

Which solution Will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Configure the existing EventBridge rule to also target the SNS topic Configure an SNS subscription filter policy to match the Cloud Formation stack. Attach the subscription filter policy to the SNS tomc

B.

Create a second Lambda function to query the CloudFormation API for the drift detection results for the stack Configure the second Lambda function to publish a message to the SNS topic If drift ts detected Adjust the existing EventBridge rule to also target the second Lambda function

C.

Configure Amazon GuardDuty in the account with drift detection for all CloudFormation stacks. Create a second EventBndge rule that reacts to the GuardDuty drift detection event finding for the specific CloudFormation stack. Configure the SNS topic as a target of the second EventBridge rule.

D.

Configure AWS Config in the account. Use the cloudformation-stack-drift-detection-check managed rule. Create a second EventBndge rule that reacts to a compliance change event for the CloudFormaUon stack. Configure the SNS topc as a target of the second EventBridge rule.

Question 30

A company recently created a new AWS Control Tower landing zone in a new organization in AWS Organizations. The landing zone must be able to demonstratecompliance with the Center tor Internet Security (CIS) Benchmarks tor AWS Foundations.

The company's security team wants to use AWS Security Hub to view compliance across all accounts Only the security team can be allowed to view aggregated Security Hub Findings. In addition specific users must be able to view findings from their own accounts within the organization All accounts must be enrolled m Security Hub after the accounts are created.

Which combination of steps will meet these requirements in the MOST automated way? (Select THREE.)

Options:

A.

Turn on trusted access for Security Hub in the organization's management account. Create a new security account by using AWS Control Tower Configure the new security account as the delegated administrator account for Security Hub. In the new security account provide. Security Hub with the CIS Benchmarks for AWS Foundations standards.

B.

Turn on trusted access for Security Hub in the organ ration's management account. From the management account, provide Security Hub with the CIS Benchmarks for AWS Foundations standards.

C.

Create an AWS IAM identity Center (AWS Single Sign-On) permission set that includes the required permissions Use the CreateAccountAssignment API operation to associate the security team users with the permission set and with the delegated security account.

D.

Create an SCP that explicitly denies any user who is not on the security team from accessing Security Hub.

E.

In Security Hub, turn on automatic enablement.

F.

In the organization's management account create an Amazon EventBridge rule that reacts to the CreateManagedAccount event Create an AWS Lambda function that uses the Security Hub CreateMembers API operation to add new accounts to Security Hub. Configure the EventBridge rule to invoke the Lambda function.

Question 31

A company is developing a web application's infrastructure using AWS CloudFormation The database engineering team maintains the database resources in a Cloud Formation template, and the software development team maintains the web application resources in a separate CloudFormation template. As the scope of the application grows, the software development team needs to use resources maintained by the database engineering team However, both teams have their own review and lifecycle management processes that they want to keep. Both teams also require resource-level change-set reviews. The software development team would like to deploy changes to this template using their Cl/CD pipeline.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Create a stack export from the database CloudFormation template and import those references into the web application CloudFormation template

B.

Create a CloudFormation nested stack to make cross-stack resource references and parameters available in both stacks.

C.

Create a CloudFormation stack set to make cross-stack resource references and parameters available in both stacks.

D.

Create input parameters in the web application CloudFormation template and pass resource names and IDs from the database stack.

Question 32

A DevOps engineer manages a large commercial website that runs on Amazon EC2. The website uses Amazon Kinesis Data Streams to collect and process web togs. The DevOps engineer manages the Kinesis consumer application, which also runs on Amazon EC2.

Sudden increases of data cause the Kinesis consumer application to (all behind and the Kinesis data streams drop records before the records can be processed. The DevOps engineer must implement a solution to improve stream handling.

Which solution meets these requirements with the MOST operational efficiency?

Options:

A.

Modify the Kinesis consumer application to store the logs durably in Amazon S3 Use Amazon EMR to process the data directly on Amazon S3 to derive customer insights Store the results in Amazon S3.

B.

Horizontally scale the Kinesis consumer application by adding more EC2 instances based on the Amazon CloudWatch GetRecords IteratorAgeMilliseconds metric Increase the retention period of the Kinesis data streams.

C.

Convert the Kinesis consumer application to run as an AWS Lambda function. Configure the Kinesis data streams as the event source for the Lambda function to process the data streams

D.

Increase the number of shards in the Kinesis data streams to increase the overall throughput so that the consumer application processes the data faster.

Question 33

A company runs an application with an Amazon EC2 and on-premises configuration. A DevOps engineer needs to standardize patching across both environments. Company policy dictates that patching only happens during non-business hours.

Which combination of actions will meet these requirements? (Choose three.)

Options:

A.

Add the physical machines into AWS Systems Manager using Systems Manager Hybrid Activations.

B.

Attach an IAM role to the EC2 instances, allowing them to be managed by AWS Systems Manager.

C.

Create IAM access keys for the on-premises machines to interact with AWS Systems Manager.

D.

Run an AWS Systems Manager Automation document to patch the systems every hour.

E.

Use Amazon EventBridge scheduled events to schedule a patch window.

F.

Use AWS Systems Manager Maintenance Windows to schedule a patch window.

Question 34

An ecommerce company uses a large number of Amazon Elastic Block Store (Amazon EBS) backed Amazon EC2 instances. To decrease manual work across all the instances, a DevOps engineer is tasked with automating restart actions when EC2 instance retirement events are scheduled.

How can this be accomplished?

Options:

A.

Create a scheduled Amazon EventBridge rule to run an AWS Systems Manager Automation runbook that checks if any EC2 instances are scheduled for retirement once a week If the instance is scheduled for retirement the runbook will hibernate the instance

B.

Enable EC2Auto Recovery on all of the instances. Create an AWS Config rule to limit the recovery to occur during a maintenance window only

C.

Reboot all EC2 instances during an approved maintenance window that is outside of standard business hours Set up Amazon CloudWatch alarms to send a notification in case any instance is failing EC2 instance status checks

D.

Set up an AWS Health Amazon EventBridge rule to run AWS Systems Manager Automation runbooks that stop and start the EC2 instance when a retirement scheduled event occurs.

Question 35

A company's DevOps engineer is creating an AWS Lambda function to process notifications from an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic. The Lambda function will process the notification messages and will write the contents of the notification messages to an Amazon RDS Multi-AZ DB instance.

During testing a database administrator accidentally shut down the DB instance. While the database was down the company lost several of the SNS notification messages that were delivered during that time.

The DevOps engineer needs to prevent the loss of notification messages in the future

Which solutions will meet this requirement? (Select TWO.)

Options:

A.

Replace the RDS Multi-AZ DB instance with an Amazon DynamoDB table.

B.

Configure an Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS) queue as a destination of the Lambda function.

C.

Configure an Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS> dead-letter queue for the SNS topic.

D.

Subscribe an Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS) queue to the SNS topic Configure the Lambda function to process messages from the SQS queue.

E.

Replace the SNS topic with an Amazon EventBridge event bus Configure an EventBridge rule on the new event bus to invoke the Lambda function for each event.

Question 36

A company uses AWS and has a VPC that contains critical compute infrastructure with predictable traffic patterns. The company has configured VPC flow logs that are published to a log group in Amazon CloudWatch Logs.

The company's DevOps team needs to configure a monitoring solution for the VPC flow logs to identify anomalies in network traffic to the VPC over time. If the monitoring solution detects an anomaly, the company needs the ability to initiate a response to the anomaly.

How should the DevOps team configure the monitoring solution to meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Create an Amazon Kinesis data stream. Subscribe the log group to the data stream. Configure Amazon Kinesis Data Analytics to detect log anomalies in the data stream. Create an

AWS Lambda function to use as the output of the data stream. Configure the Lambda function to write to the default Amazon EventBridge event bus in the event of an anomaly finding.

B.

Create an Amazon Kinesis Data Firehose delivery stream that delivers events to an Amazon S3 bucket. Subscribe the log group to the delivery stream. Configure Amazon Lookout for Metrics to monitor the data in the S3 bucket for anomalies. Create an AWS Lambda function to run in response to Lookout for Metrics anomaly findings. Configure the Lambda function to publish to the default Amazon EventBridge event bus.

C.

Create an AWS Lambda function to detect anomalies. Configure the Lambda function to publish an event to the default Amazon EventBridge event bus if the Lambda function detects an anomaly. Subscribe the Lambda function to the log group.

D.

Create an Amazon Kinesis data stream. Subscribe the log group to the data stream. Create an AWS Lambda function to detect log anomalies. Configure the Lambda function to write to the default Amazon EventBridge event bus if the Lambda function detects an anomaly. Set the Lambda function as the processor for the data stream.

Question 37

A company's DevOps engineer is working in a multi-account environment. The company uses AWS Transit Gateway to route all outbound traffic through a network operations account. In the network operations account all account traffic passes through a firewall appliance for inspection before the traffic goes to an internet gateway.

The firewall appliance sends logs to Amazon CloudWatch Logs and includes event seventies of CRITICAL, HIGH, MEDIUM, LOW, and INFO. The security team wants to receive an alert if any CRITICAL events occur.

What should the DevOps engineer do to meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Create an Amazon CloudWatch Synthetics canary to monitor the firewall state. If the firewall reaches a CRITICAL state or logs a CRITICAL event use a CloudWatch alarm to publish a notification to an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic Subscribe the security team's email address to the topic.

B.

Create an Amazon CloudWatch metric filter by using a search for CRITICAL events Publish a custom metric for the finding. Use a CloudWatch alarm based on the custommetric to publish a notification to an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic. Subscribe the security team's email address to the topic.

C.

Enable Amazon GuardDuty in the network operations account. Configure GuardDuty to monitor flow logs Create an Amazon EventBridge event rule that is invoked by GuardDuty events that are CRITICAL Define an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic as a target Subscribe the security team's email address to the topic.

D.

Use AWS Firewall Manager to apply consistent policies across all accounts. Create an Amazon. EventBridge event rule that is invoked by Firewall Manager events that are CRITICAL Define an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic as a target Subscribe the security team's email address to the topic.

Question 38

A DevOps engineer is setting up a container-based architecture. The engineer has decided to use AWS CloudFormation to automatically provision an Amazon ECS cluster and an Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling group to launch the EC2 container instances. After successfully creating the CloudFormation stack, the engineer noticed that, even though the ECS cluster and the EC2 instances were created successfully and the stack finished the creation, the EC2 instances were associating with a different cluster.

How should the DevOps engineer update the CloudFormation template to resolve this issue?

Options:

A.

Reference the EC2 instances in the AWS: ECS: Cluster resource and reference the ECS cluster in the AWS: ECS: Service resource.

B.

Reference the ECS cluster in the AWS: AutoScaling: LaunchConfiguration resource of the UserData property.

C.

Reference the ECS cluster in the AWS:EC2: lnstance resource of the UserData property.

D.

Reference the ECS cluster in the AWS: CloudFormation: CustomResource resource to trigger an AWS Lambda function that registers the EC2 instances with the appropriate ECS cluster.

Question 39

A company needs to ensure that flow logs remain configured for all existing and new VPCs in its AWS account. The company uses an AWS CloudFormation stack to manage its VPCs. The company needs a solution that will work for any VPCs that any IAM user creates.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Add the resource to the CloudFormation stack that creates the VPCs.

B.

Create an organization in AWS Organizations. Add the company's AWS account to the organization. Create an SCP to prevent users from modifying VPC flow logs.

C.

Turn on AWS Config. Create an AWS Config rule to check whether VPC flow logs are turned on. Configure automatic remediation to turn on VPC flow logs.

D.

Create an IAM policy to deny the use of API calls for VPC flow logs. Attach the IAM policy to all IAM users.

Question 40

A company has multiple AWS accounts. The company uses AWS IAM Identity Center (AWS Single Sign-On) that is integrated with AWS Toolkit for Microsoft Azure DevOps. The attributes for access control feature is enabled in IAM Identity Center.

The attribute mapping list contains two entries. The department key is mapped to ${path:enterprise.department}. The costCenter key is mapped to ${path:enterprise.costCenter}.

All existing Amazon EC2 instances have a department tag that corresponds to three company departments (d1, d2, d3). A DevOps engineer must create policies based on the matching attributes. The policies must minimize administrative effort and must grant each Azure AD user access to only the EC2 instances that are tagged with the user’s respective department name.

Which condition key should the DevOps engineer include in the custom permissions policies to meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

B.

C.

D.

Question 41

A company is launching an application. The application must use only approved AWS services. The account that runs the application was created less than 1 year ago and is assigned to an AWS Organizations OU.

The company needs to create a new Organizations account structure. The account structure must have an appropriate SCP that supports the use of only services that are currently active in the AWS account.

The company will use AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM) Access Analyzer in the solution.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Create an SCP that allows the services that IAM Access Analyzer identifies. Create an OU for the account. Move the account into the new OU. Attach the new SCP to the new OU. Detach the default FullAWSAccess SCP from the new OU.

B.

Create an SCP that denies the services that IAM Access Analyzer identifies. Create an OU for the account. Move the account into the new OIJ. Attach the new SCP to the new OU.

C.

Create an SCP that allows the services that IAM Access Analyzer identifies. Attach the new SCP to the organization's root.

D.

Create an SCP that allows the services that IAM Access Analyzer identifies. Create an OU for the account. Move the account into the new OU. Attach the new SCP to the management account. Detach the default FullAWSAccess SCP from the new OU.

Question 42

A DevOps engineer manages a web application that runs on Amazon EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer (ALB). The instances run in an EC2 Auto Scaling group across multiple Availability Zones. The engineer needs to implement a deployment strategy that:

Launches a second fleet of instances with the same capacity as the original fleet.

Maintains the original fleet unchanged while the second fleet is launched.

Transitions traffic to the second fleet when the second fleet is fully deployed.

Terminates the original fleet automatically 1 hour after transition.

Which solution will satisfy these requirements?

Options:

A.

Use an AWS CloudFormation template with a retention policy for the ALB set to 1 hour. Update the Amazon Route 53 record to reflect the new ALB.

B.

Use two AWS Elastic Beanstalk environments to perform a blue/green deployment from the original environment to the new one. Create an application version lifecycle policy to terminate the original environment in 1 hour.

C.

Use AWS CodeDeploy with a deployment group configured with a blue/green deployment configuration Select the option Terminate the original instances in the deployment group with a waiting period of 1 hour.

D.

Use AWS Elastic Beanstalk with the configuration set to Immutable. Create an .ebextension using the Resources key that sets the deletion policy of the ALB to 1 hour, and deploy the application.

Question 43

A security team is concerned that a developer can unintentionally attach an Elastic IP address to an Amazon EC2 instance in production. No developer should be allowed to attach an Elastic IP address to an instance. The security team must be notified if any production server has an Elastic IP address at any time

How can this task be automated'?

Options:

A.

Use Amazon Athena to query AWS CloudTrail logs to check for any associate-address attempts Create an AWS Lambda function to disassociate the Elastic IP address from the instance, and alert the security team.

B.

Attach an 1AM policy to the developers' 1AM group to deny associate-address permissions Create a custom AWS Config rule to check whether an Elastic IP address is associated with any instance tagged as production, and alert the security team

C.

Ensure that all 1AM groups associated with developers do not have associate-address permissions. Create a scheduled AWS Lambda function to check whether an Elastic IP address is associated with any instance tagged as production, and alert the secunty team if an instance has an Elastic IP address associated with it

D.

Create an AWS Config rule to check that all production instances have EC2 1AM roles that include deny associate-address permissions Verify whether there is an Elastic IP address associated with any instance, and alert the security team if an instance has an Elastic IP address associated with it.

Question 44

A DevOps learn has created a Custom Lambda rule in AWS Config. The rule monitors Amazon Elastic Container Repository (Amazon ECR) policy statements for ecr:' actions. When a noncompliant repository is detected, Amazon EventBridge uses Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) to route the notification to a security team.

When the custom AWS Config rule is evaluated, the AWS Lambda function fails to run.

Which solution will resolve the issue?

Options:

A.

Modify the Lambda function's resource policy to grant AWS Config permission to invoke the function.

B.

Modify the SNS topic policy to include configuration changes for EventBridge to publish to the SNS topic.

C.

Modify the Lambda function's execution role to include configuration changes for custom AWS Config rules.

D.

Modify all the ECR repository policies to grant AWS Config access to the necessary ECR API actions.

Question 45

A company is implementing a well-architected design for its globally accessible API stack. The design needs to ensure both high reliability and fast response times for users located in North America and Europe.

The API stack contains the following three tiers:

Amazon API Gateway

AWS Lambda

Amazon DynamoDB

Which solution will meet the requirements?

Options:

A.

Configure Amazon Route 53 to point to API Gateway APIs in North America and Europe using health checks. Configure the APIs to forward requests to a Lambda function in that Region. Configure the Lambda functions to retrieve and update the data in a DynamoDB table in the same Region as the Lambda function.

B.

Configure Amazon Route 53 to point to API Gateway APIs in North America and Europe using latency-based routing and health checks. Configure the APIs to forward requests to a Lambda function in that Region. Configure the Lambda functions to retrieve and update the data in a DynamoDB global table.

C.

Configure Amazon Route 53 to point to API Gateway in North America, create a disaster recovery API in Europe, and configure both APIs to forward requests to the Lambda functions in that Region. Retrieve the data from a DynamoDB global table. Deploy a Lambda function to check the North America API health every 5 minutes. In the event of a failure, update Route 53 to point to the disaster recovery API.

D.

Configure Amazon Route 53 to point to API Gateway API in North America using latency-based routing. Configure the API to forward requests to the Lambda function in the Region nearest to the user. Configure the Lambda function to retrieve and update the data in a DynamoDB table.

Question 46

A production account has a requirement that any Amazon EC2 instance that has been logged in to manually must be terminated within 24 hours. All applications in the production account are using Auto Scaling groups with the Amazon CloudWatch Logs agent configured.

How can this process be automated?

Options:

A.

Create a CloudWatch Logs subscription to an AWS Step Functions application. Configure an AWS Lambda function to add a tag to the EC2 instance that produced the login event and mark the instance to be decommissioned. Create an Amazon EventBridge rule to invoke a second Lambda function once a day that will terminate all instances with this tag.

B.

Create an Amazon CloudWatch alarm that will be invoked by the login event. Send the notification to an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic that the operations team is subscribed to, and have them terminate the EC2 instance within 24 hours.

C.

Create an Amazon CloudWatch alarm that will be invoked by the login event. Configure the alarm to send to an Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS) queue. Use a group of worker instances to process messages from the queue, which then schedules an Amazon EventBridge rule to be invoked.

D.

Create a CloudWatch Logs subscription to an AWS Lambda function. Configure the function to add a tag to the EC2 instance that produced the login event and mark the instance to be decommissioned. Create an Amazon EventBridge rule to invoke a daily Lambda function that terminates all instances with this tag.

Question 47

A company operates sensitive workloads across the AWS accounts that are in the company's organization in AWS Organizations The company uses an IP address range to delegate IP addresses for Amazon VPC CIDR blocks and all non-cloud hardware.

The company needs a solution that prevents principals that are outside the company's IP address range from performing AWS actions In the organization's accounts

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Configure AWS Firewall Manager for the organization. Create an AWS Network Firewall policy that allows only source traffic from the company's IP address range Set the policy scope to all accounts in the organization.

B.

In Organizations, create an SCP that denies source IP addresses that are outside of the company s IP address range. Attach the SCP to the organization's root

C.

Configure Amazon GuardDuty for the organization. Create a GuardDuty trusted IP address list for the company's IP range Activate the trusted IP list for the organization.

D.

In Organizations, create an SCP that allows source IP addresses that are inside of the company s IP address range. Attach the SCP to the organization's root.

Question 48

A company manages a multi-tenant environment in its VPC and has configured Amazon GuardDuty for the corresponding AWS account. The company sends all GuardDuty findings to AWS Security Hub.

Traffic from suspicious sources is generating a large number of findings. A DevOps engineer needs to implement a solution to automatically deny traffic across the entire VPC when GuardDuty discovers a new suspicious source.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Create a GuardDuty threat list. Configure GuardDuty to reference the list. Create an AWS Lambda function that will update the threat list Configure the Lambda function to run in response to new Security Hub findings that come from GuardDuty.

B.

Configure an AWS WAF web ACL that includes a custom rule group. Create an AWS Lambda function that will create a block rule in the custom rule group Configure the Lambda function to run in response to new Security Hub findings that come from GuardDuty

C.

Configure a firewall in AWS Network Firewall. Create an AWS Lambda function that will create a Drop action rule in the firewall policy Configure the Lambda function to run in response to new Security Hub findings that come from GuardDuty

D.

Create an AWS Lambda function that will create a GuardDuty suppression rule. Configure the Lambda function to run in response to new Security Hub findings that come from GuardDuty.

Question 49

A company builds an application that uses an Application Load Balancer in front of Amazon EC2 instances that are in an Auto Scaling group. The

application is stateless. The Auto Scaling group uses a custom AMI that is fully prebuilt. The EC2 instances do not have a custom bootstrapping process.

The AMI that the Auto Scaling group uses was recently deleted. The Auto Scaling group's scaling activities show failures because the AMI ID does not exist.

Which combination of steps should a DevOps engineer take to meet these requirements? (Select THREE.)

Options:

A.

Create a new launch template that uses the new AMI.

B.

Update the Auto Scaling group to use the new launch template.

C.

Reduce the Auto Scaling group's desired capacity to O.

D.

Increase the Auto Scaling group's desired capacity by I.

E.

Create a new AMI from a running EC2 instance in the Auto Scaling group.

F.

Create a new AMI by copying the most recent public AMI of the operating system that the EC2 instances use.

Question 50

A company is developing an application that will generate log events. The log events consist of five distinct metrics every one tenth of a second and produce a large amount of data The company needs to configure the application to write the logs to Amazon Time stream The company will configure a daily query against the Timestream table.

Which combination of steps will meet these requirements with the FASTEST query performance? (Select THREE.)

Options:

A.

Use batch writes to write multiple log events in a Single write operation

B.

Write each log event as a single write operation

C.

Treat each log as a single-measure record

D.

Treat each log as a multi-measure record

E.

Configure the memory store retention period to be longer than the magnetic store retention period

F.

Configure the memory store retention period to be shorter than the magnetic store retention period

Question 51

A company that uses electronic health records is running a fleet of Amazon EC2 instances with an Amazon Linux operating system. As part of patient privacy requirements, the company must ensure continuous compliance for patches for operating system and applications running on the EC2 instances.

How can the deployments of the operating system and application patches be automated using a default and custom repository?

Options:

A.

Use AWS Systems Manager to create a new patch baseline including the custom repository. Run the AWS-RunPatchBaseline document using the run command to verify and install patches.

B.

Use AWS Direct Connect to integrate the corporate repository and deploy the patches using Amazon CloudWatch scheduled events, then use the CloudWatch dashboard to create reports.

C.

Use yum-config-manager to add the custom repository under /etc/yum.repos.d and run yum-config-manager-enable to activate the repository.

D.

Use AWS Systems Manager to create a new patch baseline including the corporate repository. Run the AWS-AmazonLinuxDefaultPatchBaseline document using the run command to verify and install patches.

Question 52

A development team uses AWS CodeCommit, AWS CodePipeline, and AWS CodeBuild to develop and deploy an application. Changes to the code are submitted by pull requests. The development team reviews and merges the pull requests, and then the pipeline builds and tests the application.

Over time, the number of pull requests has increased. The pipeline is frequently blocked because of failing tests. To prevent this blockage, the development team wants to run the unit and integration tests on each pull request before it is merged.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Create a CodeBuild project to run the unit and integration tests. Create a CodeCommit approval rule template. Configure the template to require the successful invocation of the CodeBuild project. Attach the approval rule to the project's CodeCommit repository.

B.

Create an Amazon EventBridge rule to match pullRequestCreated events from CodeCommit Create a CodeBuild project to run the unit and integration tests. Configure the CodeBuild project as a target of the EventBridge rule that includes a custom event payload with the CodeCommit repository and branch information from the event.

C.

Create an Amazon EventBridge rule to match pullRequestCreated events from CodeCommit. Modify the existing CodePipeline pipeline to not run the deploy steps if the build is started from a pull request. Configure the EventBridge rule to run the pipeline with a custom payload that contains the CodeCommit repository and branch information from the event.

D.

Create a CodeBuild project to run the unit and integration tests. Create a CodeCommit notification rule that matches when a pull request is created or updated. Configure the notification rule to invoke the CodeBuild project.

Question 53

A company recently migrated its application to an Amazon Elastic Kubernetes Service (Amazon EKS) cluster that uses Amazon EC2 instances. The company configured the application to automatically scale based on CPU utilization.

The application produces memory errors when it experiences heavy loads. The application also does not scale out enough to handle the increased load. The company needs to collect and analyze memory metrics for the application over time.

Which combination of steps will meet these requirements? (Select THREE.)

Options:

A.

Attach the Cloud WatchAgentServer Pol icy managed 1AM policy to the 1AM instance profile that the cluster uses.

B.

Attach the Cloud WatchAgentServer Pol icy managed 1AM policy to a service account role for the cluster.

C.

Collect performance metrics by deploying the unified Amazon CloudWatch agent to the existing EC2 instances in the cluster. Add the agent to the AMI for any new EC2 instances that are added to the cluster.

D.

Collect performance logs by deploying the AWS Distro for OpenTelemetry collector as a DaemonSet.

E.

Analyze the pod_memory_utilization Amazon CloudWatch metric in the Containerlnsights namespace by using the Service dimension.

F.

Analyze the node_memory_utilization Amazon CloudWatch metric in the Containerlnsights namespace by using the ClusterName dimension.

Question 54

A company is using AWS CodePipeline to automate its release pipeline. AWS CodeDeploy is being used in the pipeline to deploy an application to Amazon Elastic Container Service (Amazon ECS) using the blue/green deployment model. The company wants to implement scripts to test the green version of the application before shifting traffic. These scripts will complete in 5 minutes or less. If errors are discovered during these tests, the application must be rolled back.

Which strategy will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Add a stage to the CodePipeline pipeline between the source and deploy stages. Use AWS CodeBuild to create a runtime environment and build commands in the buildspec file to invoke test scripts. If errors are found, use the aws deploy stop-deployment command to stop the deployment.

B.

Add a stage to the CodePipeline pipeline between the source and deploy stages. Use this stage to invoke an AWS Lambda function that will run the test scripts. If errors are found, use the aws deploy stop-deployment command to stop the deployment.

C.

Add a hooks section to the CodeDeploy AppSpec file. Use the AfterAllowTestTraffic lifecycle event to invoke an AWS Lambda function to run the test scripts. If errors are found, exit the Lambda function with an error to initiate rollback.

D.

Add a hooks section to the CodeDeploy AppSpec file. Use the AfterAllowTraffic lifecycle event to invoke the test scripts. If errors are found, use the aws deploy stop-deployment CLI command to stop the deployment.

Question 55

A company has an application that runs on Amazon EC2 instances that are in an Auto Scaling group. When the application starts up. the application needs to process data from an Amazon S3 bucket before the application can start to serve requests.

The size of the data that is stored in the S3 bucket is growing. When the Auto Scaling group adds new instances, the application now takes several minutes to download and process the data before the application can serve requests. The company must reduce the time that elapses before new EC2 instances are ready to serve requests.

Which solution is the MOST cost-effective way to reduce the application startup time?

Options:

A.

Configure a warm pool for the Auto Scaling group with warmed EC2 instances in the Stopped state. Configure an autoscaling:EC2_INSTANCE_LAUNCHING lifecycle hook on the Auto Scaling group. Modify the application to complete the lifecycle hook when the application is ready to serve requests.

B.

Increase the maximum instance count of the Auto Scaling group. Configure an autoscaling:EC2_INSTANCE_LAUNCHING lifecycle hook on the Auto Scaling group. Modify the application to complete the lifecycle hook when the application is ready to serve requests.

C.

Configure a warm pool for the Auto Scaling group with warmed EC2 instances in the Running state. Configure an autoscaling:EC2_INSTANCE_LAUNCHING lifecycle hook on the Auto Scaling group. Modify the application to complete the lifecycle hook when the application is ready to serve requests.

D.

Increase the maximum instance count of the Auto Scaling group. Configure an autoscaling:EC2_INSTANCE_LAUNCHING lifecycle hook on the Auto Scaling group. Modify the application to complete the lifecycle hook and to place the new instance in the Standby state when the application is ready to serve requests.

Question 56

A company has multiple accounts in an organization in AWS Organizations. The company's SecOps team needs to receive an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) notification if any account in the organization turns off the Block Public Access feature on an Amazon S3 bucket. A DevOps engineer must implement this change without affecting the operation of any AWS accounts. The implementation must ensure that individual member accounts in the organization cannot turn off the notification.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Designate an account to be the delegated Amazon GuardDuty administrator account. Turn on GuardDuty for all accounts across the organization. In the GuardDuty administrator account, create an SNS topic. Subscribe the SecOps team's email address to the SNS topic. In the same account, create an Amazon EventBridge rule that uses an event pattern for GuardDuty findings and a target of the SNS topic.

B.

Create an AWS CloudFormation template that creates an SNS topic and subscribes the SecOps team’s email address to the SNS topic. In the template, include an Amazon EventBridge rule that uses an event pattern of CloudTrail activity for s3:PutBucketPublicAccessBlock and a target of the SNS topic. Deploy the stack to every account in the organization by using CloudFormation StackSets.

C.

Turn on AWS Config across the organization. In the delegated administrator account, create an SNS topic. Subscribe the SecOps team's email address to the SNS topic. Deploy a conformance pack that uses the s3-bucket-level-public-access-prohibited AWS Config managed rule in each account and uses an AWS Systems Manager document to publish an event to the SNS topic to notify the SecOps team.

D.

Turn on Amazon Inspector across the organization. In the Amazon Inspector delegated administrator account, create an SNS topic. Subscribe the SecOps team’semail address to the SNS topic. In the same account, create an Amazon EventBridge rule that uses an event pattern for public network exposure of the S3 bucket and publishes an event to the SNS topic to notify the SecOps team.

Question 57

A company uses AWS Storage Gateway in file gateway mode in front of an Amazon S3 bucket that is used by multiple resources. In the morning when business begins, users do not see the objects processed by a third party the previous evening. When a DevOps engineer looks directly at the S3 bucket, the data is there, but it is missing in Storage Gateway.

Which solution ensures that all the updated third-party files are available in the morning?

Options:

A.

Configure a nightly Amazon EventBridge event to invoke an AWS Lambda function to run the RefreshCache command for Storage Gateway.

B.

Instruct the third party to put data into the S3 bucket using AWS Transfer for SFTP.

C.

Modify Storage Gateway to run in volume gateway mode.

D.

Use S3 Same-Region Replication to replicate any changes made directly in the S3 bucket to Storage Gateway.

Question 58

A company has an application that includes AWS Lambda functions. The Lambda functions run Python code that is stored in an AWS CodeCommit repository. The company has recently experienced failures in the production environment because of an error in the Python code. An engineer has written unit tests for the Lambda functions to help avoid releasing any future defects into the production environment.

The company's DevOps team needs to implement a solution to integrate the unit tests into an existing AWS CodePipeline pipeline. The solution must produce reports about the unit tests for the company to view.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Associate the CodeCommit repository with Amazon CodeGuru Reviewer. Create a new AWS CodeBuild project. In the CodePipeline pipeline, configure a test stage that uses the new CodeBuild project. Create a buildspec.yml file in the CodeCommit repository. In the buildspec.yml file, define the actions to run a CodeGuru review.

B.

Create a new AWS CodeBuild project. In the CodePipeline pipeline, configure a test stage that uses the new CodeBuild project. Create a CodeBuild report group. Create a buildspec.yml file in the CodeCommit repository. In the buildspec.yml file, define the actions to run the unit tests with an output of JUNITXML in the build phase section. Configure the test reports to be uploaded to the new CodeBuild report group.

C.

Create a new AWS CodeArtifact repository. Create a new AWS CodeBuild project. In the CodePipeline pipeline, configure a test stage that uses the new CodeBuild project. Create an appspec.yml file in the original CodeCommit repository. In the appspec.yml file, define the actions to run the unit tests with an output of CUCUMBERJSON in the build phase section. Configure the tests reports to be sent to the new CodeArtifact repository.

D.

Create a new AWS CodeBuild project. In the CodePipeline pipeline, configure a test stage that uses the new CodeBuild project. Create a new Amazon S3 bucket. Create a buildspec.yml file in the CodeCommit repository. In the buildspec.yml file, define the actions to run the unit tests with an output of HTML in the phases section. In the reports section, upload the test reports to the S3 bucket.

Question 59

A company has migrated its container-based applications to Amazon EKS and want to establish automated email notifications. The notifications sent to each email address are for specific activities related to EKS components. The solution will include Amazon SNS topics and an AWS Lambda function to evaluate incoming log events and publish messages to the correct SNS topic.

Which logging solution will support these requirements?

Options:

A.

Enable Amazon CloudWatch Logs to log the EKS components. Create a CloudWatch subscription filter for each component with Lambda as the subscription feed destination.

B.

Enable Amazon CloudWatch Logs to log the EKS components. Create CloudWatch Logs Insights queries linked to Amazon EventBridge events that invoke Lambda.

C.

Enable Amazon S3 logging for the EKS components. Configure an Amazon CloudWatch subscription filter for each component with Lambda as the subscription feed destination.

D.

Enable Amazon S3 logging for the EKS components. Configure S3 PUT Object event notifications with AWS Lambda as the destination.

Question 60

A highly regulated company has a policy that DevOps engineers should not log in to their Amazon EC2 instances except in emergencies. It a DevOps engineer does log in the security team must be notified within 15 minutes of the occurrence.

Which solution will meet these requirements'?

Options:

A.

Install the Amazon Inspector agent on each EC2 instance Subscribe to Amazon EventBridge notifications Invoke an AWS Lambda function to check if a message is about user logins If it is send a notification to the security team using Amazon SNS.

B.

Install the Amazon CloudWatch agent on each EC2 instance Configure the agent to push all logs to Amazon CloudWatch Logs and set up a CloudWatch metric filter that searches for user logins. If a login is found send a notification to the security team using Amazon SNS.

C.

Set up AWS CloudTrail with Amazon CloudWatch Logs. Subscribe CloudWatch Logs to Amazon Kinesis Attach AWS Lambda to Kinesis to parse and determine if a logcontains a user login If it does, send a notification to the security team using Amazon SNS.

D.

Set up a script on each Amazon EC2 instance to push all logs to Amazon S3 Set up an S3 event to invoke an AWS Lambda function which invokes an Amazon Athena query to run. The Athena query checks tor logins and sends the output to the security team using Amazon SNS.

Question 61

A company wants to deploy a workload on several hundred Amazon EC2 instances. The company will provision the EC2 instances in an Auto Scaling group by using a launch template.

The workload will pull files from an Amazon S3 bucket, process the data, and put the results into a different S3 bucket. The EC2 instances must haveleast-privilege permissions and must use temporary security credentials.

Which combination of steps will meet these requirements? (Select TWO.)

Options:

A.

Create an IAM role that has the appropriate permissions for S3 buckets. Add the IAM role to an instance profile.

B.

Update the launch template to include the IAM instance profile.

C.

Create an IAM user that has the appropriate permissions for Amazon S3. Generate a secret key and token.

D.

Create a trust anchor and profile. Attach the IAM role to the profile.

E.

Update the launch template. Modify the user data to use the new secret key and token.

Question 62

A company uses a series of individual Amazon Cloud Formation templates to deploy its multi-Region Applications. These templates must be deployed in a specific order. The company is making more changes to the templates than previously expected and wants to deploy new templates more efficiently. Additionally, the data engineering team must be notified of all changes to the templates.

What should the company do to accomplish these goals?

Options:

A.

Create an AWS Lambda function to deploy the Cloud Formation templates m the required order Use stack policies to alert the data engineering team.

B.

Host the Cloud Formation templates in Amazon S3 Use Amazon S3 events to directly trigger CloudFormation updates and Amazon SNS notifications.

C.

Implement CloudFormation StackSets and use drift detection to trigger update alerts to the data engineering team.

D.

Leverage CloudFormation nested stacks and stack sets (or deployments Use Amazon SNS to notify the data engineering team.

Question 63

A company is building a new pipeline by using AWS CodePipeline and AWS CodeBuild in a build account. The pipeline consists of two stages. The first stage is a CodeBuild job to build and package an AWS Lambda function. The second stage consists of deployment actions that operate on two different AWS accounts a development environment account and a production environment account. The deployment stages use the AWS Cloud Format ion action that CodePipeline invokes to deploy the infrastructure that the Lambda function requires.

A DevOps engineer creates the CodePipeline pipeline and configures the pipeline to encrypt build artifacts by using the AWS Key Management Service (AWS KMS) AWS managed key for Amazon S3 (the aws/s3 key). The artifacts are stored in an S3 bucket When the pipeline runs, the Cloud Formation actions fail with an access denied error.

Which combination of actions must the DevOps engineer perform to resolve this error? (Select TWO.)

Options:

A.

Create an S3 bucket in each AWS account for the artifacts Allow the pipeline to write to the S3 buckets. Create a CodePipeline S3 action to copy the artifacts to the S3 bucket in each AWS account Update the CloudFormation actions to reference the artifacts S3 bucket in the production account.

B.

Create a customer managed KMS key Configure the KMS key policy to allow the IAM roles used by the CloudFormation action to perform decrypt operations Modify the pipeline to use the customer managed KMS key to encrypt artifacts.

C.

Create an AWS managed KMS key Configure the KMS key policy to allow the development account and the production account to perform decrypt operations. Modify the pipeline to use the KMS key to encrypt artifacts.

D.

In the development account and in the production account create an IAM role for CodePipeline. Configure the roles with permissions to perform CloudFormation operations and with permissions to retrieve and decrypt objects from the artifacts S3 bucket. In the CodePipeline account configure the CodePipeline CloudFormation action to use the roles.

E.

In the development account and in the production account create an IAM role for CodePipeline Configure the roles with permissions to perform CloudFormation

operations and with permissions to retrieve and decrypt objects from the artifacts S3 bucket. In the CodePipelme account modify the artifacts S3 bucket policy to allow the roles access Configure the CodePipeline CloudFormation action to use the roles.

Question 64

An ecommerce company is receiving reports that its order history page is experiencing delays in reflecting the processing status of orders. The order processing system consists of an AWS Lambda function that uses reserved concurrency. The Lambda function processes order messages from an Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS) queue and inserts processed orders into an Amazon DynamoDB table. The DynamoDB table has auto scaling enabled for read and write capacity.

Which actions should a DevOps engineer take to resolve this delay? (Choose two.)

Options:

A.

Check the ApproximateAgeOfOldestMessage metric for the SQS queue. Increase the Lambda function concurrency limit.

B.

Check the ApproximateAgeOfOldestMessage metnc for the SQS queue Configure a redrive policy on the SQS queue.

C.

Check the NumberOfMessagesSent metric for the SQS queue. Increase the SQS queue visibility timeout.

D.

Check the WriteThrottleEvents metric for the DynamoDB table. Increase the maximum write capacity units (WCUs) for the table's scaling policy.

E.

Check the Throttles metric for the Lambda function. Increase the Lambda function timeout.

Question 65

A company uses an Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL global database that has two secondary AWS Regions. A DevOps engineer has configured the database parameter group to guarantee an RPO of 60 seconds. Write operations on the primary cluster are occasionally blocked because of the RPO setting.

The DevOps engineer needs to reduce the frequency of blocked write operations.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Add an additional secondary cluster to the global database.

B.

Enable write forwarding for the global database.

C.

Remove one of the secondary clusters from the global database.

D.

Configure synchronous replication for the global database.

Question 66

A company needs a strategy for failover and disaster recovery of its data and application. The application uses a MySQL database and Amazon EC2 instances. The company requires a maximum RPO of 2 hours and a maximum RTO of 10 minutes for its data and application at all times.

Which combination of deployment strategies will meet these requirements? (Select TWO.)

Options:

A.

Create an Amazon Aurora Single-AZ cluster in multiple AWS Regions as the data store. Use Aurora's automatic recovery capabilities in the event of a disaster.

B.

Create an Amazon Aurora global database in two AWS Regions as the data store. In the event of a failure, promote the secondary Region to the primary for the application. Update the application to use the Aurora cluster endpoint in the secondary Region.

C.

Create an Amazon Aurora cluster in multiple AWS Regions as the data store. Use a Network Load Balancer to balance the database traffic in different Regions.

D.

Set up the application in two AWS Regions. Use Amazon Route 53 failover routing that points to Application Load Balancers in both Regions. Use health checks and Auto Scaling groups in each Region.

E.

Set up the application in two AWS Regions. Configure AWS Global Accelerator to point to Application Load Balancers (ALBs) in both Regions. Add both ALBs to a single endpoint group. Use health checks and Auto Scaling groups in each Region.

Question 67

A company uses a single AWS account lo test applications on Amazon EC2 instances. The company has turned on AWS Config in the AWS account and has activated the restricted-ssh AWS Config managed rule.

The company needs an automated monitoring solution that will provide a customized notification in real time if any security group in the account is not compliant with the restricted-ssh rule. The customized notification must contain the name and ID of the noncompliant security group.

A DevOps engineer creates an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic in the account and subscribes the appropriate personnel to the topic.

What should me DevOps engineer do next to meet these requirements?

Options:

A.

Create an Amazon EventBridge rule that matches an AWS Config evaluation result of NON_COMPLIANT tor the restricted-ssh rule. Configure an input transformer for the EventBridge rule Configure the EventBridge rule to publish a notification to the SNS topic.

B.

Configure AWS Config to send all evaluation results for the restricted-ssh rule to the SNS topic. Configure a filter policy on the SNS topic to send only notifications that contain the text of NON_COMPLIANT in the notification to subscribers.

C.

Create an Amazon EventBridge rule that matches an AWS Config evaluation result of NON_COMPLlANT for the restricted-ssh rule Configure the EventBridge rule to invoke AWS Systems Manager Run Command on the SNS topic to customize a notification and to publish the notification to the SNS topic

D.

Create an Amazon EventBridge rule that matches all AWS Config evaluation results of NON_COMPLIANT Configure an input transformer for the restricted-ssh rule Configure the EventBridge rule to publish a notification to the SNS topic.

Question 68

A company manages a web application that runs on Amazon EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer (ALB). The EC2 instances run in an Auto Scaling group across multiple Availability Zones. The application uses an Amazon RDS for MySQL DB instance to store the data. The company has configured Amazon Route 53 with an alias record that points to the ALB.

A new company guideline requires a geographically isolated disaster recovery (DR> site with an RTO of 4 hours and an RPO of 15 minutes.

Which DR strategy will meet these requirements with the LEAST change to the application stack?

Options:

A.

Launch a replica environment of everything except Amazon RDS in a different Availability Zone Create an RDS read replica in the new Availability Zone:and configure the new stack to point to the local RDS DB instance. Add the new stack to the Route 53 record set by using a hearth check to configure a failover routing policy.

B.

Launch a replica environment of everything except Amazon RDS in a different AWS. Region Create an RDS read replica in the new Region and configure the new stack to point to the local RDS DB instance. Add the new stack to the Route 53 record set by using a health check to configure a latency routing policy.

C.

Launch a replica environment of everything except Amazon RDS ma different AWS Region. In the event of an outage copy and restore the latest RDS snapshot from the primary. Region to the DR Region Adjust the Route 53 record set to point to the ALB in the DR Region.

D.

Launch a replica environment of everything except Amazon RDS in a different AWS Region. Create an RDS read replica in the new Region and configure the new environment to point to the local RDS DB instance. Add the new stack to the Route 53 record set by using a health check to configure a failover routing policy. In the event of an outage promote the read replica to primary.

Question 69

A company has an application that stores data that includes personally Identifiable Information (Pll) In an Amazon S3 bucket All data Is encrypted with AWS Key Management Service (AWS KMS) customer managed keys. All AWS resources are deployed from an AWS Cloud Formation template.

A DevOps engineer needs to set up a development environment for the application in a different AWS account The data in the development environment's S3 bucket needs to be updated once a week from the production environment's S3 bucket.

The company must not move Pll from the production environment without anonymizmg the Pll first The data in each environment must be encrypted with different KMS customer managed keys.

Which combination of steps should the DevOps engineer take to meet these requirements? (Select TWO )

Options:

A.

Activate Amazon Macie on the S3 bucket In the production account Create an AWS Step Functions state machine to initiate a discovery job and redact all Pll before copying files to the S3 bucket in the development account. Give the state machine tasks decrypt permissions on the KMS key in the production account. Give the state machine tasks encrypt permissions on the KMS key in the development account

B.

Set up S3 replication between the production S3 bucket and the development S3 bucket Activate Amazon Macie on the development S3 bucket Create an AWS Step Functions state machine to initiate a discovery job and redact all Pll as the files are copied to the development S3 bucket. Give the state machine tasks encrypt and decrypt permissions on the KMS key in the development account.

C.

Set up an S3 Batch Operations job to copy files from the production S3 bucket to the development S3 bucket. In the development account, configure an

AWS Lambda function to redact all Pll. Configure S3 Object Lambda to use the Lambda function for S3 GET requests Give the Lambda function's 1AM role encrypt and decrypt permissions on the KMS key in the development account.

D.

Create a development environment from the CloudFormatlon template in the development account. Schedule an Amazon EventBridge rule to start the AWS Step Functions state machine once a week

E.

Create a development environment from the CloudFormation template in the development account. Schedule a cron job on an Amazon EC2 instance to run once a week to start the S3 Batch Operations job.

Question 70

A company is refactoring applications to use AWS. The company identifies an internal web application that needs to make Amazon S3 API calls in a specific AWS account.

The company wants to use its existing identity provider (IdP) auth.company.com for authentication. The IdP supports only OpenID Connect (OIDC). A DevOps engineer needs to secure the web application's access to the AWS account.

Which combination of steps will meet these requirements? (Select THREE.)

Options:

A.

Configure AWS 1AM Identity Center. Configure an IdP. Upload the IdP metadata from the existing IdP.

B.

Create an 1AM IdP by using the provider URL, audience, and signature from the existing IdP.

C.

Create an 1AM role that has a policy that allows the necessary S3 actions. Configure the role's trust policy to allow the OIDC IdP to assume the role if the sts.amazon.conraud context key is appid from idp.

D.

Create an 1AM role that has a policy that allows the necessary S3 actions. Configure the role's trust policy to allow the OIDC IdP to assume the role if the auth.company.com:aud context key is appid_from_idp.

E.

Configure the web application lo use the AssumeRoleWith Web Identity API operation to retrieve temporary credentials. Use the temporary credentials to make the S3 API calls.

F.

Configure the web application to use the GetFederationToken API operation to retrieve temporary credentials Use the temporary credentials to make the S3 API calls.

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