CompTIA CySA+ CS0-002 Release Date

The correct answer is A. Enable secure boot in the hardware and reload the operating system. Secure boot is a feature of UEFI that ensures that only trusted and authorized code can execute during the boot process. Secure boot can prevent boot malware, such as rootkits or bootkits, from compromising the system before the operating system loads1. To enable secure boot, the hardware must support UEFI and have a firmware that implements the secure boot protocol. The operating system must also support UEFI and have a digital signature that matches the keys stored in the firmware. If the operating system was installed in legacy mode or does not have a valid signature, it may not boot with secure boot enabled. Therefore, it may be necessary to reload the operating system after enabling secure boot in the hardware2.

B. Reconfigure the system’s MBR and enable NTFS is not correct. MBR stands for Master Boot Record, and it is a legacy partitioning scheme that stores information about the partitions and the boot loader on a disk. NTFS stands for New Technology File System, and it is a file system that supports features such as encryption, compression, and access control. Reconfiguring the system’s MBR and enabling NTFS would not enable secure boot UEFI features, as they are not related to UEFI or secure boot. Moreover, MBR is incompatible with UEFI, as UEFI requires a different partitioning scheme called GPT (GUID Partition Table)3.

C. Set UEFI to legacy mode and enable security features is not correct. Legacy mode is a compatibility mode that allows UEFI systems to boot using legacy BIOS methods. Legacy mode disables some of the features and benefits of UEFI, such as secure boot, faster boot time, or larger disk support. Setting UEFI to legacy mode would not enable secure boot UEFI features, but rather disable them.

D. Convert the legacy partition table to UEFI and repair the operating system is not correct. Converting the legacy partition table to UEFI means changing the partitioning scheme from MBR to GPT, which is required for UEFI systems to boot. However, this alone would not enable secure boot UEFI features, as it also depends on the firmware settings and the operating system support. Repairing the operating system may or may not fix any issues caused by converting the partition table, but it would not necessarily enable secure boot either.

1: What Is Secure Boot? 2: How to Enable Secure Boot 3: MBR vs GPT: Which One Is Better for You? : [UEFI vs Legacy BIOS – The Ultimate Comparison Guide]

This line from the output most likely indicates that attackers could quickly use brute force and determine the negotiated secret session key, as it represents a weak cipher suite that uses an outdated encryption algorithm, a small key size, and no forward secrecy. A cipher suite is a combination of cryptographic algorithms and parameters that are used to establish a secure communication channel between two parties. The cipher suite in this line consists of four components: TLS_RSA_WITH_DES_CBC_SHA 56.

• TLS stands for Transport Layer Security, and it is a protocol that provides security and privacy for network communications.
• RSA stands for Rivest-Shamir-Adleman, and it is an algorithm that uses public-key cryptography for key exchange and authentication.
• DES stands for Data Encryption Standard, and it is an algorithm that uses symmetric-key cryptography for data encryption.
• CBC stands for Cipher Block Chaining, and it is a mode of operation that encrypts each block of data by XORing it with the previous ciphertext block.
• SHA stands for Secure Hash Algorithm, and it is an algorithm that produces a fixed-length hash value from any input data.
• 56 stands for the key size in bits, which indicates how strong or secure the encryption is.

The cipher suite in this line is weak because:

• DES is an outdated encryption algorithm that has been broken by brute force attacks, as it has a small key size of 56 bits, which can be easily guessed by modern computers.
• RSA does not provide forward secrecy, which means that if the RSA private key is compromised, all past and future communications encrypted with that key can be decrypted by an attacker.
• SHA is also an outdated hash algorithm that has been replaced by newer versions such as SHA-2 or SHA-3, as it has some vulnerabilities and weaknesses.

 A sinkhole is a technique that redirects malicious network traffic to a controlled destination, such as a fake server or a black hole. A sinkhole can be used to stop malicious communications with a command-and-control server by preventing the malware from reaching its intended destination. A high entropy level means that the sinkhole can generate random domain names that match the changing domain name used by the malware for callback. Blocking TCP/443 at the edge router, disabling TCP/53 at the perimeter firewall, or configuring the DNS forwarders to use recursion are other possible actions that could stop malicious communications, but they could also disrupt legitimate services that use those protocols or settings. Reference:

The vulnerability scan report shows that the workstation has a high-risk vulnerability (CVE-2019-0708) that affects Remote Desktop Services on Windows systems. This vulnerability allows remote code execution without authentication or user interaction, and can be exploited by sending specially crafted requests to the target system1 As part of the detection and analysis procedures, the analyst should confirm the workstation’s signatures against the most current signatures. This can help verify if the workstation has been patched or updated to address the vulnerability, or if it is still vulnerable and needs remediation. The analyst can use tools such as Windows Update or Microsoft Baseline Security Analyzer to check the workstation’s patch level and compare it with the latest available signatures.