CS0-002 Exam Dumps : CompTIA CySA+ Certification Exam (CS0-002)

An active scan is a type of system vulnerability scan that involves sending probes or packets to the target system, and analyzing the responses or behaviors of the system. An active scan can help obtain critical information about the system, such as open ports, running services, operating system, software versions, etc. An active scan can also use OVAL XML language to review and calculate the discovered risk. OVAL stands for Open Vulnerability and Assessment Language, and it is a standard for describing and exchanging information about system vulnerabilities and configurations.

The vulnerability scan report shows that the workstation has a high-risk vulnerability (CVE-2019-0708) that affects Remote Desktop Services on Windows systems. This vulnerability allows remote code execution without authentication or user interaction, and can be exploited by sending specially crafted requests to the target system1 As part of the detection and analysis procedures, the analyst should confirm the workstation’s signatures against the most current signatures. This can help verify if the workstation has been patched or updated to address the vulnerability, or if it is still vulnerable and needs remediation. The analyst can use tools such as Windows Update or Microsoft Baseline Security Analyzer to check the workstation’s patch level and compare it with the latest available signatures.

A directory traversal attack is a type of web application attack that exploits insufficient input validation or filtering to access files or directories that are outside of the web root folder. A directory traversal attack can allow an attacker to read, modify, or execute files on the target server that are not intended to be accessible via web requests. The URL in the alert contains an example of a directory traversal attack, as indicated by the use of “…/” sequences in the query string. These sequences are used to navigate up one level in the directory hierarchy, potentially reaching sensitive files or folders on the server. In this case, the attacker is trying to access /etc/passwd file, which contains user account information on Linux systems.