Free Access CompTIA CS0-002 New Release

The security analyst should recommend replacing the strcpy function with a safer alternative. The strcpy function is a C library function that copies a string from one buffer to another. However, this function does not check the size of the destination buffer, which can lead to buffer overflow vulnerabilities if the source string is longer than the destination buffer. Buffer overflow vulnerabilities can allow attackers to execute arbitrary code or crash the program. A safer alternative to strcpy is strncpy, which limits the number of characters copied to the size of the destination buffer.

The security analyst should implement port security with one MAC address per network port of the switch. This will help prevent possible physical attacks on the network access layer, such as MAC flooding or MAC spoofing. Port security is a feature that allows a switch to limit the number of MAC addresses that can be learned on a specific port. By setting the limit to one MAC address per port, the switch will only allow traffic from the device that is connected to that port, and drop any traffic from other devices that try to use that port. This will prevent attackers from connecting unauthorized devices to the network or impersonating legitimate devices by changing their MAC addresses3.

Port triggering is a technique that allows inbound traffic to access certain ports on a device only after an outbound traffic request has been made from those ports. It can enhance the security and performance of a device by opening ports only when needed and closing them when not in use. The output from the network enumeration activities shows that port 21 (FTP) and port 22 (SSH) are open only after port 80 (HTTP) has been accessed, which indicates that port triggering is most likely being used. A web application firewall, an intrusion prevention system, port isolation, or port address translation are other techniques that can affect network traffic, but they do not match the description of the output from the network enumeration activities. Reference:

A compensating control, also called an alternative control, is a mechanism that is put in place to satisfy the requirement for a security measure that is deemed too difficult or impractical to implement at the present time.

"Compensating controls are additional security measures that you take to address a vulnerability without remediating the underlying issue."

A compensating control is a control that reduces the risk of an existing or potential control weakness2 In this case, the lack of segregation of duties in the accounting department is a control weakness that increases the risk of fraud or error. The quarterly reviews by a different officer are a compensating control that reduces this risk by providing an independent verification of the transactions recorded by the controller.