Signature-based IDPS uses a database that contains known attack patterns or signatures. Each signature is associated with a particular type of attack and the IDPS will look for those patterns in order to identify malicious activity. For example, if the signature in the database is associated with a buffer overflow attack, the IDPS will look for that particular pattern of attack in order to detect the attack.

HDFS (Hadoop Distributed File System) is a file system that provides a streaming interface using the MapReduce framework. HDFS is designed to store large volumes of data across many machines and provides high-throughput access to this data. The MapReduce framework allows for processing and generating large datasets with a distributed algorithm on a cluster. HDFS's architecture is optimized for handling large files and supports operations such as writing data once and reading many times, making it ideal for big data analytics and processing tasks.

References: Dell Information Storage and Management V5 course material -Dell Education