The IEEE 802.11 standard defined Open System authentication as consisting of two auth frames and two assoc frames. In a WPA2-Enterprise network, what process immediately follows the 802.11 association procedure?

ABC Company is an Internet Service Provider with thousands of customers. ABC’s customers are given login credentials for network access when they become a customer. ABC uses an LDAP server as the central user credential database. ABC is extending their service to existing customers in some public access areas and would like to use their existing database for authentication. How can ABC Company use their existing user database for wireless user authentication as they implement a large-scale WPA2-Enterprise WLAN security solution?

Your network implements an 802.1X/EAP-based wireless security solution. A WLAN controller is installed and manages seven APs. FreeRADIUS is used for the RADIUS server and is installed on a dedicated server named SRV21. One example client is a MacBook Pro with 8 GB RAM. What device functions as the 802.1X/EAP Authenticator?