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Containers as a Service (CaaS) is the same as the E2E Orchestrator for VMs for containers. CaaS is a cloud service model that allows users to deploy and manage containerized applications on a cloud platform. CaaS provides the necessary infrastructure, orchestration, networking, and security for running containers. The E2E Orchestrator for VMs is a Nokia solution that provides similar capabilities for virtual machines (VMs). The E2E Orchestrator for VMs enables the creation, deployment, and management of VMs on a distributed cloud platform. It also supports network slicing, security, and automation features.

References:

• Nokia Bell Labs 5G Professional Certification - Distributed Cloud Networks, Unit 2: Cloud Technologies and Features, slide 19
• Nokia Cloud Platform, paragraph 1
• Nokia Bell Labs End-to-End 5G Certification, page 4

 Security is crucial for data centers and their users because data centers store, process, and transmit large amounts of sensitive and valuable data for various organizations and individuals. Data centers face various security threats such as cyberattacks, natural disasters, human errors, power outages, etc. that can compromise the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the data and the services1. Therefore, data centers need to implement various security measures such as encryption, authentication, authorization, backup, firewall, antivirus, physical security, etc. to protect the data and the users from unauthorized access, data loss, data corruption, service disruption, etc2. References: 1: Nokia Bell Labs Distributed Cloud Networks, Unit 2: Cloud Technologies and Features, Section 2.3: Cloud Networking Features 2: Data Center Security: What You Need to Know

On-premise Edge Cloud and Metro Edge Cloud are the cloud deployments that provide the lowest latency. Latency is the time it takes for data to travel from the source to the destination1. On-premise Edge Cloud is a cloud deployment that is located within the premises of the end-user, such as a factory, a hospital, or a campus2. Metro Edge Cloud is a cloud deployment that is located within the same metropolitan area as the end-user, such as a city or a suburb3. Both On-premise Edge Cloud and Metro Edge Cloud reduce the distance and the number of hops that data has to travel, resulting in lower latency and higher performance4. Far Edge Cloud and Central Cloud are not the cloud deployments that provide the lowest latency. Far Edge Cloud is a cloud deployment that is located at the edge of the operator’s network, such as a regional data center or a base station3. Central Cloud is a cloud deployment that is located at the core of the operator’s network, such as a national data center or a cloud provider3. Both Far Edge Cloud and Central Cloud increase the distance and the number of hops that data has to travel, resulting in higher latency and lower performance4.

References: 1: Nokia Bell Labs Distributed Cloud Networks, Unit 1: Cloud Ecosystem, slide 3 2: Nokia Bell Labs Distributed Cloud Networks, Unit 1: Cloud Ecosystem, slide 14 3: Nokia Bell Labs Distributed Cloud Networks, Unit 1: Cloud Ecosystem, slide 15 4: Nokia Bell Labs Distributed Cloud Networks, Unit 1: Cloud Ecosystem, slide 16