PDF CTAL-TA_Syll2019 Study Guide

The risk impact is the measure of the potential negative consequences of a risk item on the project objectives. It depends on the severity of the defect, the frequency of occurrence, and the visibility to the stakeholders. Since requirement R1 is business critical, any failure in meeting this requirement would have a significant impact on the customer satisfaction, the reputation of the organization, and the legal compliance. Therefore, the risk impact for requirement R1 should be categorized as high or very high, regardless of the likelihood of occurrence. References =

• ISTQB Certified Tester Advanced Level Syllabus Technical Test Analyst1, page 2
• Risk Based Testing: Approach, Matrix, Process & Examples2, section “Risk Impact Assessment”
• What is Risk Based Testing: With Best Practices3, section “Risk Impact Analysis”

Classification trees are a combinatorial testing technique that allows the tester to represent the data items and their values in a graphical form, and to exclude certain combinations by using constraints or rules. Classification trees can help the tester to visualize and organize the test data, and to generate test cases that cover all relevant combinations of values. The other techniques do not provide a convenient way to exclude certain combinations, or require more complex mathematical calculations. References =

• ISTQB Certified Tester Advanced Level Syllabus Technical Test Analyst1, page 2
• Classification Tree Method for Test Design2, section “Classification Tree Method”
• Classification Tree Method - Tutorialspoint3, section “Classification Tree Method”

The specification does not clearly define the dependencies between the power unit and the body style options. For example, it is not clear if the user can select a hybrid power unit and then choose a saloon body style, or if the hybrid option is only available after selecting a hatchback body style. Similarly, it is not clear if the user can select an SUV body style and then choose a hybrid power unit, or if the SUV option is only available with petrol or diesel power units. These dependencies affect the usability of the site, as they may confuse the user or limit their choices. The specification should specify the valid combinations of power unit and body style, and how the site will handle invalid or unavailable combinations. References = ISTQB Certified Tester Advanced Level Syllabus Technical Test Analyst, page 80, section 5.3.2.1.

In a keyword-driven test automation approach, the Test Analyst is responsible for defining the keywords that represent the actions and expected outcomes of the test cases. The keywords are then implemented by a developer or a tool as reusable functions or scripts that can be executed by the test automation framework. For example, the Test Analyst can define keywords such as “transfer”, “check balance”, “verify balance”, etc. for the account transfer user story. These keywords can then be used to design test cases in a data-driven or table-driven format, such as:

Table

Keyword

Parameter 1

Parameter 2

Parameter 3

transfer

Lars

Ann

150

check balance

Ann

-

150

verify balance

Ann

-

150

transfer

Tim

Ann

300

check balance

Ann

-

450

verify balance

Ann

-

450

References = Keyword Driven Testing Framework with Example (Section 1 and 2), What is Keyword Driven Testing: A Detailed Tutorial With Examples (Section 1 and 2), ISTQB Certified Tester Advanced Level Syllabus Technical Test Analyst (Section 4.2.1 and 4.2.2)