All CBDA Test Inside IIBA Questions

The sample used in this case is biased, meaning that it is not representative of the population of interest. The population of interest is the families in North America, but the sample is drawn from only one source of data: the credit card transactions from a leading North American credit card company. This sample excludes the families who do not use credit cards, or who use other credit card companies, or who use other payment methods. Therefore, the sample is not random or fair, and it may introduce sampling bias into the research results12 References: 1: Sampling Methods | Types, Techniques & Examples 2: Sampling Bias - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Providing ‘one source of the truth’ means ensuring that there is a single, consistent, and authoritative source of data that can be used for analytics and decision making across the organization. This objective can be achieved by enforcing master data management principles and practices, which involve defining, governing, and maintaining the quality and integrity of the core data entities that are shared by multiple systems and processes. Master data management helps to eliminate data silos, reduce data duplication and inconsistency, and improve data accuracy and reliability12 References: 1: What is Master Data Management (MDM)? - Informatica 2: Master Data Management - IIBA BABOK Guide v3

A logical database model is a data model of a specific problem domain expressed independently of a particular database management product or storage technology. It describes data using notation that corresponds to a data organization used by a database management system, such as relational tables and columns. It also includes rules of normalization, which are the process of converting complex data structures into simple, stable data structures12 References: 1: Logical schema - Wikipedia 2: What Is a Data Model? | Coursera

A layout is a way of arranging the nodes and links of a graph visualization to convey meaningful information about the data. A layout is determined by a dedicated algorithm that calculates the node positions based on certain criteria, such as minimizing edge crossings, maximizing node spacing, or emphasizing clusters12. A layout can also be influenced by user interaction, such as zooming, panning, or dragging3. References: 1: Guide to Business Data Analytics, IIBA, 2020, p. 642: Graph Drawing: Algorithms for the Visualization of Graphs, Giuseppe Di Battista et al., 1999, p. 33: Interactive Data Visualization: Foundations, Techniques, and Applications, Matthew O. Ward et al., 2015, p. 227.