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Nokia Multi Protocol Label Switching Questions and Answers

Question 1

Which of the following statements best describe MPLS fast reroute characteristics? (Choose two)

Options:

A.

Fast reroute requires you to manually define detour paths.

B.

Fast reroute provides path protection close to the failure point

C.

Fast reroute performs automatic path calculation and signaling.

D.

Fast reroute protects both primary and secondary paths.

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Question 2

Which of the following statements regarding the last two octets of the LDP identifier is true?

Options:

A.

It is always a random 16-bit number.

B.

It is always zero for per-interface label space.

C.

It is always non-zero.

D.

It is always zero for per-platform label space.

E.

It is always non-zero for per-platform label space.

Question 3

Which of the following indicates the path over which an LSP's tail end router will return an RSVP RESV message?

Options:

A.

The IGP FIB.

B.

The Reservation State Block (RSB)

C.

The Path State Block (PSB)

D.

The opaque database.

Question 4

Click on the exhibit button below.

Given the configuration below, what is the system ID of the destination node?

Options:

A.

10.32.1.2

B.

10.1.478

C.

1048.1.1

D.

Cannot tell from this configuration

E.

10.1.2.2

Question 5

When configuring an LSP for fast reroute one-to-one protection, which of the following statements is true?

Options:

A.

The LSP can also use facility backup.

B.

The LSP is limited to node protection.

C.

You cannot request bandwidth on the protected LSP.

D.

Node protection can be disabled.

Question 6

During node protection signaling, the PLR knows the address of the MP from which of the following methods?

Options:

A.

The PLR issues a RSVP path message to the destination router to request the address of the MP.

B.

The PLR learns the address of the MP from the ERO.

C.

The PLR learns the address of the MP from the RRO

D.

The PLR learns the address of the MP from the targeted RSVP hello message.

E.

The PLR does not need to know the address of the MP.

Question 7

Click on the exhibit button below.

LSP "toR8-5" requests fast reroute protection on the primary loose path. What could be done to remove the Failure Code shown?

Options:

A.

CSPF must be enabled at head-end on fast reroute protected loose path LSPs

B.

Fast reroute must first be enabled on the downstream routers.

C.

CSPF must be enabled on all downstream loose hop routers.

D.

Global revertive path optimization must be enabled so the path will be re-optimized around a failed node.

Question 8

Which of the following is described by the following statement? An LSR propagates a label mapping only for a FEC for which it has a label mapping for the FEC next-hop.

Options:

A.

Independent control mode

B.

Ordered control mode

C.

Liberal label retention

D.

Conservative label retention

E.

Downstream on demand.

Question 9

Which default LDP parameter are you able to change with CLI?

Options:

A.

Label space mode

B.

Label retention

C.

Control mode

D.

Keepalive factor

Question 10

Which of the following statements is true when the implicit null is implemented?

Options:

A.

The penultimate router will POP the top label from the packets.

B.

The eLER will receive packets with a top label value of 3.

C.

The eLER will receive packets with a top label value of 0.

D.

The penultimate router will always receive unlabeled packets.

E.

The penultimate router performs a double lookup on the packet.

Question 11

Click on the exhibit button below.

Given the configuration below, which of the following commands would enable fast reroute on the LSP? Choose two answers

Options:

A.

This configuration already is configured for FRR.

B.

fast-reroute facility

C.

fast-reroute one-to-one

D.

secondary <name>

E.

standby

Question 12

Which of the following is a primary cause of IP hyper-aggregation?

Options:

A.

IP routing protocols do not always select the best route to a destination.

B.

IP routing protocols always select multiple routes to a destination.

C.

IP routing protocols do not make use of all available network attributes to select a path

D.

Improper network design results in limited network path redundancy.

Question 13

Which of the following about per-interface label space is TRUE?

Options:

A.

A single label is assigned to a FEC for all interfaces on the same router.

B.

The same label can be used to forward a packet on an LSR regardless of which egress port is used.

C.

It uses fewer label resources than a per-platform label space.

D.

A separate label is used for each interface that the FEC is advertised on.

Question 14

True or False? MPLS may use an existing data link layer header field to identify a label, instead of using a specific MPLS header

Options:

A.

TRUE

B.

FALSE

Question 15

How have Traffic Engineering extensions to IS-IS been implemented?

Options:

A.

By defining new LSAs for the IS-IS protocol.

B.

By utilizing the OSPF opaque LSAs to maintain interoperability with OSPF routing domains

C.

By defining new TE extension TLVs to the IS-IS protocol.

D.

By enabling CSPF algorithm extensions that allow link state TE to be implemented.

Question 16

Which of the following devices can originate an opaque LSA?

Options:

A.

TE enabled OSPF routers

B.

Backbone router only

C.

ABR only

D.

ASBR only

Question 17

Which of the following regarding MPLS Encapsulation is FALSE?

Options:

A.

The customer's Layer 2 header is preserved at the iLER for Layer 2 services.

B.

The customer's Layer 2 Header is preserved at the iLER for Layer 3 services.

C.

The service provider's Layer 2 header is added at the iLER for Layer 2 services.

D.

The service provider's Layer 2 header is added at the iLER for Layer 3 services.

Question 18

When a device receives a labeled packet, which of the following can occur?

Options:

A.

The packet can only be forwarded as an unlabeled packet.

B.

The packet can be forwarded as a labeled or unlabeled packet, depending on the received label value.

C.

The packet can be forwarded as a labeled or unlabeled packet, depending on the destination IP address in the payload

D.

The packet can only be forwarded as a labeled packet.

Question 19

Which of the following statements regarding the MPLS SWAP label operation is true?

Options:

A.

The inner label will be exchanged with the MPLS outer label.

B.

The inner label will be exchanged for a new label.

C.

The outer label will be exchanged for a new label.

D.

All labels will be exchanged for one new label.

E.

All labels will be exchanged for an equal number of new labels.

Question 20

LDP is enabled on both ends of a point-to-point link, but the "show router Idp status" command indicates that LDP is operationally down. The Oper Down Reason field shows the message "systemIpDown." What might cause this condition?

Options:

A.

The LSP is in the administrative down state.

B.

The router's router ID overlaps another.

C.

The router's interfaces do not have LDP running.

D.

The router's system interface requires an IP address

Question 21

Click on the exhibit.

The path of a fast reroute protected LSP is R1-R2-R3. Which of the following about the protected LSP path is TRUE?

Options:

A.

All routers along the path, R1, R2, and R3 can be PLRs.

B.

If the R1-R2 link fails, router R4 becomes an MP.

C.

If the R2-R3 link fails, router R3 becomes a PLR.

D.

Router R1 is the LSP head-end and can be a PLR.

Question 22

What are the default settings for RSVP-TE on the Alcatel-Lucent 7750 SR?

Options:

A.

Per-interface label space, liberal retention mode

B.

Per-platform label space; liberal retention mode

C.

Per-interface label space, conservative retention mode

D.

Per-platform label space, conservative retention mode

Question 23

Which of the following is TRUE when the explicit null is implemented?

Options:

A.

The penultimate router will forward packets to the eLER, based on the IP header.

B.

The eLER will receive packets with a top label value of 0.

C.

The eLER will receive packets with a top label value of 3.

D.

The penultimate router will pop the top label from the packets.

Question 24

Which of the following is NOT an application of MPLS?

Options:

A.

Enabling VPNs

B.

Enabling traffic engineering

C.

Enabling network security

D.

Enhancing network resiliency

Question 25

Which of the following regarding MPLS label value assignment is FALSE?

Options:

A.

Label values may be dynamically assigned by LDP.

B.

Label values may be dynamically assigned by RSVP-TE.

C.

Label values may be reserved for special uses.

D.

Label values may be dynamically assigned by IGP.

Question 26

Initially, all ports on an Alcatel-Lucent 7750 SR have 10Gbps bandwidth. RSVP configuration limits reservable bandwidth to 30 percent on all interfaces. An LSP is signaled reserving 1 Gbps bandwidth. How much unreserved bandwidth is left on the interface?

Options:

A.

10 Gbps

B.

7 Gbps

C.

3 Gbps

D.

2 Gbps

Question 27

Click on the exhibit.

Which of the following is FALSE?

Options:

A.

The Isp-ping tool is used to perform a unidirectional LSP test.

B.

The router 10.10.10.2 is the egress router of the LSP.

C.

The router can reach the far-end of the LSP through an RSVP-TE tunnel.

D.

The router can reach the far-end of the LSP through an LDP tunnel.

Question 28

Which of the following regarding MPLS encapsulation for VPRN services is TRUE?

Options:

A.

The customer's Layer 3 header is removed at the iLER.

B.

The customer's Layer 2 header is removed at the iLER.

C.

The customer's Layer 3 header is removed at the eLER.

D.

The customer's Layer 2 header is removed at the eLER.

Question 29

Consider a device that uses per-platform label space; which of the following fields is NOT contained in the LFIB?

Options:

A.

Incoming label

B.

Outgoing label

C.

Incoming interface

D.

Outgoing interface

Question 30

Which of the following describes 6PE?

Options:

A.

P routers run IPv4 only. PE routers run IPv4 only and exchange IPv6 routes using MP-BGP.

B.

P routers run IPv4 only. PE routers run both IPv4 and IPv6 and exchange IPv6 routes using MP-BGP.

C.

P routers run IPv6 only. PE routers run both IPv4 and IPv6 and exchange IPv4 routes using MP-BGP.

D.

P routers run IPv6 only. PE routers run IPv6 only and exchange IPv4 routes using MP-BGP.

Question 31

Which of the following about an LSP protected with one-to-one FRR is TRUE?

Options:

A.

The LSP can use facility and one-to-one FRR simultaneously.

B.

The LSP is limited to node protection.

C.

A single protection tunnel is used for all LSPs with the same path.

D.

A detour protection tunnel is created for the LSP.

Question 32

Click on the exhibit.

Initially, all links along the path R1-R2-R4-R6 have 400Mbps unreserved bandwidth and all links along the path R1-R3-R5-R6 have 800Mbps unreserved bandwidth. Shared Explicit reservation style is used and Make-Before-Break is enabled. Both fully loose LSPs have been signaled as shown. Later, the configured bandwidth for LSP-1 is changed to 400Mbps. Which of the following is TRUE?

Options:

A.

After a new path for LSP-1 is established on R1-R3-R5-R6, the old path is torn down.

B.

After the old path for LSP-1 is torn down, the new path is established on R1-R3-R5-R6.

C.

LSP-1 will stay on R1-R2-R4-R6 because there is enough bandwidth on the existing path.

D.

LSP-1 will be torn down because CSPF fails to find a new path.

Question 33

Click on the exhibit.

An LDP-over-RSVP tunnel is established between routers R1 and R6. There is a VPN service running between routers R1 and R6. Which of the following is TRUE?

Options:

A.

Router R3 swaps both the RSVP-TE LSP label and LDP transport label received with new labels.

B.

Router R3 swaps the VPN service label received with a new label.

C.

Router R3 uses the same RSVP-TE LSP label as the one received from router R2.

D.

Router R3 uses the same LDP transport label as the one received from router R2.

Question 34

All links have 1Gbps unreserved bandwidth initially and all LSPs have the least-fill feature enabled. After the two LSPs have been signaled as shown, two new LSPs are configured. LSP-3 is signaled first with 600Mbps reserved. LSP-4 is signaled after with 800Mbps reserved. All LSPs have the same setup and hold priorities. Which paths will CSPF choose for LSP-3 and LSP-4?

Options:

A.

LSP-3 takes R1-R3-R5-R6 and LSP-4 takes R1-R2-R4-R6.

B.

LSP-3 takes R1-R2-R4-R6 and LSP-4 takes R1-R3-R5-R6.

C.

LSP-3 takes R1-R3-R5-R6 and LSP-4 has no available path.

D.

LSP-3 takes R1-R2-R4-R6 and LSP-4 has no available path.

Question 35

Which of the following best describes downstream unsolicited label distribution?

Options:

A.

An LSR may answer requests for label mappings immediately, without waiting for a label mapping from the next-hop.

B.

An LSR may advertise label mappings to all peers for which it might be a next-hop for a given FEC.

C.

An LSR propagates a label mapping downstream for a FEC, only if it has a label mapping for the FEC next-hop.

D.

An LSR will only distribute a label for a FEC when it has been requested to do so.

Question 36

Click on the exhibit.

An LSP path is established on router R1 toward router R6. After router R4 detects that the link between routers R4 and R6 goes down, which of the following will affect the failure propagation time?

Options:

A.

The time router R4 takes to send a PATH Error message toward the head-end router.

B.

The time router R4 takes to detect RSVP Hello message timeout from router R6.

C.

The time router R4 takes to send a RESV Error message to the head-end router.

D.

The time router R1 takes to signal an alternate path through router R3.

Question 37

Click on the exhibit.

Which of the following CANNOT be used to ensure the LSP toR6" will follow the path R1-R2-R4-R6?

Options:

A.

Admin groups

B.

Hop-limit

C.

Strict hops

D.

TE-Metric

Exam Detail
Vendor: Nokia
Certification: SRC Certification
Exam Code: 4A0-103
Exam Name: Nokia Multi Protocol Label Switching
Last Update: Dec 25, 2024
4A0-103 Question Answers
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