CWNP CWNA-109 Exam With Confidence Using Practice Dumps

TWT is the feature of 802.11ax (HE) that is managed with beacon and trigger frames and is primarily a power management method, but also provides more efficient access to the channel used within a BSS. TWT stands for target wake time, which is a mechanism that allows an access point and a client device to negotiate and schedule specific times for data transmission and reception. This enables the client device to enter a low-power sleep mode when it is not expected to communicate with the access point, which saves battery life and reduces power consumption. TWT also reduces contention and interference on the channel used within a BSS, as it coordinates the transmissions of multiple client devices and avoids collisions. TWT is managed with beacon and trigger frames, which are two types of management frames that are used to announce and initiate data exchanges. A beacon frame is a frame that is periodically sent by an access point to advertise its presence, capabilities, and parameters to client devices. A trigger frame is a frame that is sent by an access point or a client device to request or initiate a data transmission with another device. BSS color, UL-MU-MIMO, and OFDMA are other features of 802.11ax (HE) that are not primarily power management methods, but rather performance enhancement methods. BSS color is a feature that assigns a color code to each BSS to differentiate it from other BSSs that use the same channel. This reduces interference and improves spatial reuse of the channel. UL-MU-MIMO is a feature that allows an access point to receive multiple simultaneous transmissions from different client devices using multiple spatial streams. This increases capacity and throughput of the uplink direction. OFDMA is a feature that divides a channel into smaller subchannels called resource units (RUs) that can be allocated to different devices for concurrent transmissions. This increases efficiency and flexibility of the channel utilization. References: CWNA-109 Study Guide, Chapter 10: Wireless LAN Operation, page 323

DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) is the network service where option 43 must be configured to allow access points to locate controllers. DHCP is a protocol that allows a device to obtain an IP address and other network configuration parameters from a server. In a wireless controller scenario, the access points can use DHCP to request an IP address from a DHCP server, which can also provide the IP address or hostname of the wireless controller as an option in the DHCP response. Option 43 is a vendor-specific option that can be used to encode custom information for different types of devices. For example, Cisco access points can use option 43 to receive the IP address of the wireless controller from the DHCP server, while Aruba access points can use option 43 to receive the hostname of the wireless controller from the DHCP server. This way, the access points can discover the wireless controller and establish a connection with it. References: 1, Chapter 8, page 309; 2, Section 5.2

The common spectrum analyzer view that you should use for this analysis is the Waterfall/Spectrogram view. The Waterfall/Spectrogram view shows the signal from the interfering device over time on a three-dimensional graph. The x-axis represents frequency, the y-axis represents time, and the z-axis represents amplitude or power. The color of each pixel indicates the signal strength at a given frequency and time. The Waterfall/Spectrogram view can help you identify the characteristics of the interference source, such as its frequency range, duty cycle, modulation type, and pattern. References: [CWNP Certified Wireless Network Administrator Official Study Guide: ExamCWNA-109], page 524; [CWNA: Certified Wireless Network Administrator Official Study Guide: ExamCWNA-109], page 494.