VMware Certification 2V0-71.23 Passing Score

Cluster API is a Kubernetes project that provides declarative APIs for cluster creation, configuration, and management. Cluster API uses a set of custom resource definitions (CRDs) to represent clusters, machines, and other objects. Cluster API also relies on providers to implement the logic for interacting with different infrastructure platforms. VMware Tanzu Kubernetes Grid uses Cluster API to deploy and manage Kubernetes clusters on various platforms. The three Cluster API providers being used in VMware Tanzu Kubernetes Grid are:

• CAPZ: Cluster API Provider for Azure. This provider enables Cluster API to create Kubernetes clusters on Microsoft Azure4.
• CAPV: Cluster API Provider for vSphere. This provider enables Cluster API to create Kubernetes clusters on vSphere 6.7 or later5.
• CAPA: Cluster API Provider for AWS. This provider enables Cluster API to create Kubernetes clusters on Amazon Web Services5.

References: VMware Tanzu Kubernetes Grid Documentation, Taking Kubernetes to the People: How Cluster API Promotes Self … - VMware

A rolling upgrade is a method of upgrading a Kubernetes cluster without downtime by gradually replacing nodes or components with newer versions. A rolling upgrade ensures that there is no disruption to the availability and functionality of the cluster during the upgrade process. A rolling upgrade can be performed manually or using tools such as kubeadm or kops5.

The other options are incorrect because:

• In-place upgrade of each node is a method of upgrading a Kubernetes cluster by stopping each node or component and updating it to the newer version. This method can cause downtime and disruption to the cluster during the upgrade process.
• Use canary upgrade is not a valid method of upgrading a Kubernetes cluster. A canary upgrade is a technique for deploying new versions of applications or services by gradually exposing them to a subset of users or traffic before rolling them out to everyone6. It is not applicable to cluster upgrades.
• Deploy a new cluster with upgraded Kubernetes release is not a method of upgrading a Kubernetes cluster, but rather creating a new one. This method canbe costly and time-consuming, as it requires migrating all the resources and configurations from the old cluster to the new one.

References: Upgrade A Cluster, Canary deployments

VMware Aria Operations for Applications (formerly VMware Tanzu Observability) is a SaaS solution that collects and analyzes traces, metrics, and logs from various sources, including Tanzu Kubernetes Grid clusters, applications, and services. It provides a single source of truth for actionable insights into the performance, availability, and behavior of the entire application stack. It also enables users to create dashboards, alerts, and reports based on the collected data.

The other options are incorrect because:

• Watches defined infrastructure systems to keep track of health of resources is a description of VMware Tanzu Mission Control, which is another SaaS solution that provides centralized management and governance for Tanzu Kubernetes Grid clusters across multiple platforms.
• Automates the remediation of Kubernetes platform resources based on collected data is a description of VMware Tanzu Service Mesh, which is a service thatcreates an enterprise-class service mesh for consistent control and security for microservices, end users, and data.
• Tracks metrics, logs, and alerts based on specified thresholds is a partial description of VMware Aria Operations for Applications, but it does not mention the trace analysis and the single source of truth features.

References: VMware Tanzu for Kubernetes Operations Getting Started, VMware Aria Operations for Applications Documentation

The set of tools that can be used to attach a Kubernetes cluster to VMware Tanzu Mission Control are kubectl and VMware Tanzu Mission Control Web Ul. kubectl is a command-line tool that allows users to interact with Kubernetes clusters. VMware Tanzu Mission Control Web Ul is a graphical user interface that allows users to manage their clusters and policies. To attach a cluster, users need to use both tools. First, they need to use the web console to select the cluster group and generate a YAML manifest for the cluster. Then, they need to use kubectl to apply the manifest on the cluster and install the cluster agent extensions that enable communication with Tanzu Mission Control. References: Attach a Cluster - VMware Docs, What Happens When You Attach a Cluster