NDE 112-51 Syllabus Exam Questions Answers

The state in which Mark encrypted the data in the above scenario is data in use. Data in use refers to data that is being processed or manipulated by an application or a system, such as data stored on RAM or CPU registers. Data in use is the most vulnerable state of data, as it is exposed to various threats, such as memory scraping, buffer overflow, or side-channel attacks, that can compromise the confidentiality, integrity, or availability of the data. Data in use encryption is a technique that protects the data while it is being processed by encrypting it in memory using hardware or software solutions. Data in use encryption prevents unauthorized access or modification of the data, even if the system is compromised or the memory is dumped.Data in use encryption is one of the three types of data encryption, along with data at rest encryption and data in transit encryption123.References:

• Network Defense Essentials Courseware, EC-Council, 2020, pp. 3-23 to 3-24
• Encryption: Data at Rest, Data in Motion and Data in Use, Jatheon, 2020
• Data in Use Encryption: What It Is and Why You Need It, Fortanix, 2020

HitmanPro is a tool that is designed to identify and prevent malicious Trojans or malware from infecting computer systems or electronic devices. HitmanPro is a cloud-based malware scanner that can detect and remove various types of malware, such as viruses, ransomware, spyware, rootkits, etc.HitmanPro can also work alongside other antivirus programs and provide a second opinion on the security status of the system12.References:Network Defense Essentials - EC-Council Learning,HitmanPro - Malware Removal Tool | Sophos

A transposition cipher is a type of cipher that encrypts a document by rearranging the same characters to produce the ciphertext. A transposition cipher does not change the identity or frequency of the characters, but only their position. A transposition cipher can use various methods to permute the characters, such as writing them in a grid and reading them in a different order, or shifting them along a rail fence pattern. A transposition cipher is a simple and fast algorithm, but it can be easily broken by frequency analysis or anagramming. A transposition cipher is the type of cipher employed by Kevin in the above scenario, as he used a simple algorithm to encrypt the document that just rearranges the same characters to produce the ciphertext.References:

• Transposition cipher- Wikipedia
• Network Security: Transposition Cipher Techniques- Coding Streets
• Network Defense Essentials (NDE) | Coursera- Module 4: Cryptography Techniques
• Columnar Transposition Cipher- GeeksforGeeks