Answer: C. Coding
Coding is a technique that is used to quantify data, especially qualitative data that are not expressed numerically. Coding involves assigning codes, such as numbers, letters, symbols, or colors, to different categories or themes that emerge from the data. For example, if you have a set of survey responses that ask about the satisfaction level of customers, you can code them as follows:
Very satisfied = 5
Satisfied = 4
Neutral = 3
Dissatisfied = 2
Very dissatisfied = 1
By coding the data, you can convert them into quantitative data that can be analyzed using statistical methods, such as calculating the mean, median, mode, frequency, or percentage of each category12.
Option A is incorrect, as decoding is not a technique that is used to quantify data, but rather a process of interpreting or translating data from one form to another.For example, decoding can involve converting binary codes into text or images, or decrypting ciphertext into plaintext3.
Option B is incorrect, as enumeration is not a technique that is used to quantify data, but rather a process of listing or naming data in a specific order.For example, enumeration can involve listing the names of the states in alphabetical order, or naming the planets in order of their distance from the sun4.
Option D is incorrect, as structure is not a technique that is used to quantify data, but rather a property or characteristic of data that describes how they are organized or arranged. For example, structure can refer to the format, type, or schema of data, such as structured, semi-structured, or unstructured data.
