Fortinet Fortinet Certified Solution Specialist FCSS_EFW_AD-7.4 New Questions

In atransparent mode Virtual Domain (VDOM)configuration, FortiGate operates as aLayer 2 bridgerather than performing Layer 3 routing. Theset forward-domain <domain_ID>command is used to control how traffic is forwarded between interfaces within the sametransparent VDOM.

Aforward-domainacts as abroadcast domain, meaning only interfaces with thesame forward-domain IDcan exchange traffic. This setting is commonly used toseparate different VLANs or network segmentswithin the transparent VDOM while still allowing FortiGate to apply security policies.

When designing anADVPN (Auto-Discovery VPN) networkfor alarge enterprisewith spokes that havevarying numbers of internet links, the main challenge is tominimize the number of peer connections and routesat the hub while maintainingscalability and efficiency.

Using a dynamic routing protocol (such as BGP or OSPF) with loopback interfaces helps in several ways:

●Reduces the number of peer connectionsat the hub byusing a single loopback address per spokeinstead of individual physical interfaces.

●Enables simplified route advertisementby dynamically learning and propagating routes instead of manually configuring static routes.

●Supports multiple internet links per spokeefficiently, as dynamic routing can automatically adjust to the best available path.

●Allows seamless failoverif a spoke’s internet link fails, ensuring continuous connectivity.

Use metadata variables to dynamically assign values according to each FortiGate device:Metadata variables in FortiManager allow device-specific configurations to be dynamically assigned without manually configuring each FortiGate. This is especially useful when deploying multiple devices with similar base configurations.

Use provisioning templates and install configuration settings at the device layer:Provisioning templates in FortiManager provide a structured way to configure FortiGate devices. These templates can define interfaces, policies, and settings, ensuring that each device is correctly configured upon deployment.

Add FortiGate devices on FortiManager as model devices, and use ZTP or LTP to connect to FortiGate devices:Zero-Touch Provisioning (ZTP) and Local Touch Provisioning (LTP) help automate the deployment of FortiGate devices. By adding devices as model devices in FortiManager, configurations can be pushed automatically when devices connect for the first time, reducing manual effort.

ThisIPsec Phase 1 configurationdefines adynamicVPN tunnel that can accept connections from multiple peers. The settings chosen here suggest a configuration optimized fornetworks with intermittent traffic patternswhile ensuring resources are used efficiently.

Key configurations and their impact:

●set type dynamic→ This allows multiple peers to establish connections dynamically without needing predefined IP addresses.

●set ike-version 2→ UsesIKEv2, which is more efficient and supports features like EAP authentication and reduced rekeying overhead.

●set dpd on-idle→ Dead Peer Detection (DPD) is triggeredonly when the tunnel is idle, reducing unnecessary keep-alive packets and improving resource utilization.

●set add-route enable→ FortiGate automatically adds the route to the routing table when the tunnel is established, ensuring connectivity when needed.

●set proposal aes128-sha256 aes256-sha256→ Uses strong encryption and hashing algorithms, ensuring a secure connection.

●set keylife 28800→ Sets alonger key lifetime(8 hours), reducing the frequency of rekeying, which is beneficial for stable connections.

BecauseDPD is set to on-idle, the tunnel will not constantly send keep-alive messages but will still ensure connectivity when traffic is detected. This makes the configuration ideal fornetworks with regular but non-continuous traffic, balancing security and resource efficiency.