CCT Routing and Switching Changed 100-490 Questions

DRAM, or Dynamic Random-Access Memory, is the type of memory that is erased when a Cisco device is rebooted. DRAM is used to store the running configuration and routing tables of the device. Since DRAM is volatile memory, its contents are lost when the device is powered down or restarted. This is in contrast to non-volatile memory types like flash and NVRAM, which retain their contents even after a reboot1. References := Types of memory on a Cisco device - Study-CCNA

The Xmodem option that enhances error checking when copying an image to flash memory is the -e option. This option enables error checking to ensure the integrity of the file being transferred. Xmodem is a protocol that uses checksums or cyclic redundancy checks (CRC) to detect errors during the transfer. The -e option specifically invokes CRC error checking, which is more reliable than the basic checksum method, providing an additional layer of verification that the copied image is free from errors. References := The information is based on standard practices for using the Xmodem protocol for file transfers in networking devices, as outlined in Cisco’s documentation and support forums1.

The image provided shows a networking device connected to a laptop via a console cable. Based on the visual indicators and standard port designs:

C. 3 is a USB 5-pin mini USB Type B port: The port labeled “3” on the laptop is smaller than a standard USB Type A port, which suggests it is a mini USB Type B port, commonly used for connecting to networking devices for console access.

E. 2 is a USB 5-pin mini USB Type B to USB Type A console cable: The cable labeled “2” has one end that fits into the mini USB Type B port on the laptop (as identified in point 1), and the other end, which is not clearly visible in the image, is inferred to be a USB Type A connector that would typically connect to a computer’s USB port.

To gain console access to a Cisco switch, two types of ports on a laptop can be used: DB-9 and USB. The DB-9 port is a traditional serial port that is often used with a DB-9 to RJ-45 console cable to connect to the switch’s console port1. However, as modern laptops may not have a DB-9 port, a USB to Serial adapter can be used instead, which creates a virtual COM port that can be used to connect to the switch1. The USB port can also be used directly if the switch has a USB console port, which is common on newer Cisco devices. These ports allow for direct physical connection to the switch for configuration and management purposes. References := Access the CLI via PuTTY using a Console Connection on 300 and 500 Series Managed Switches - Cisco, How to connect Switch with console port - Cisco Learning Network