Free and Premium Juniper JN0-213 Dumps Questions Answers

A CN2 controller communicates with CN2 vRouters using XMPP (Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol) and with other CN2 controllers using BGP (Border Gateway Protocol). XMPP is used for control plane communication, while BGP is used for routing updates between controllers.

Network Functions Virtualization (NFV) is a network architecture concept that uses IT virtualization technologies to virtualize entire classes of network node functions into building blocks that may connect or chain together to create communication services3. The NFV framework explains how Virtual Network Functions (VNFs) fit into the whole solution4. The NFV Infrastructure (NFVI) is a component of NFV that consists of the infrastructure components —compute, storage, networking—on a platform to support software4. References from Juniper site: Red Hat, VMware, Wikipedia

To run a container in a Kubernetes environment, you should define a YAML manifest for the container and its resources2. YAML manifests are used to define Kubernetes objects, such as pods or services. These manifests describe the desired state of the system2.

The two primary ways used to manage objects by kubectl are imperative commands and declarative object configuration10. Imperative commands operate directly on live objects in a cluster. The user provides operations to the kubectl command as arguments or flags10. Declarative object configuration specifies the operation (create, replace, etc.), optional flags and at least one file name. The file specified must contain a full definition of the object in YAML or JSON format10.

Overlay networks are indeed virtual networks. They are logical constructs that stitch together disparate, dispersed network infrastructure, often referred to as underlay1. Underlay networks refer to the physical network infrastructure, while overlay networks implement network virtualization concepts2. References from Juniper site: Baeldung on Computer Science, PacketFabric, Cisco, HPE Aruba Networking

The default container runtime engine used by OpenShift is cri-o. CRI-O is an open source, community-driven container engine. Its primary goal is to replace the Docker service as the container engine for Kubernetes implementations, such as OpenShift Container Platform3.

The cloud computing feature that automatically increases or decreases the resources based on the demand is known as rapid elasticity1112. In cloud computing, scaling is the process of adding or removing compute, storage, and network services to meet the demands a workload makes for resources in order to maintain availability and performance as utilization increases11.

Containers perform abstraction at the application layer12. They are executable units of software in which application code is packaged along with its libraries and dependencies, in common ways so that the code can be run anywhere—whether it be on desktop, traditional IT or the cloud12.

The Kubernetes object definition file is in YAML format789. Kubernetes objects are represented in the Kubernetes API, and you can express them in .yaml format7. You can execute kubectl get deployment -o yaml to get the deployment definition in a yaml format8.

Overlay virtual networks are virtual logical networks constructed on top of an existing network using network virtualization technologies45. They decouple network services from the physical networking and interconnection technologies on the underlay network45. Two true statements about overlay virtual networks are:

• Overlay virtual networks work well on an IP spine-and-leaf topology6. They can be created over underlay networks using network virtualization technologies4.
• Overlay virtual networks allow both Layer 2 and Layer 3 communication65. They can serve not only different services (such as multiple departments) of the same tenant but also different tenants4. References from Juniper site: Microsoft Learn, Huawei IP Encyclopedia, Network Insight

This manifest is used to create a deployment, which is a Kubernetes resource that manages a set of pods with the same configuration. A deployment can also provide declarative updates, scaling, and rolling back for the pods. The created pods are not receiving traffic on port 80, because the manifest does not specify a service or a selector for the deployment. A service is another Kubernetes resource that defines a logical set of pods and a policy to access them. A selector is a label query that matches the pods that belong to the service. Four pods are created as a result of applying this manifest, because the manifest specifies replicas: 4 in the spec section of the deployment

The Docker component that builds, runs, and distributes Docker containers is dockerd. Dockerd is the persistent process that manages containers. Docker uses different binaries for different tasks. For example, it uses the docker binary for CLI commands and dockerd for the daemon process.

An OpenShift route is a way to provision external access to a service. A route exposes a service at a host name, such as that external clients can use to access the service.  A route can also specify security options, such as TLS termination, and load balancing options, such as round robin or least connection

MPLSoUDP (Multiprotocol Label Switching over User Datagram Protocol) and VXLAN (Virtual Extensible LAN) are two protocols that provide tunneling in the overlay and support multipath capabilities45. MPLSoUDP is an encapsulation protocol that allows MPLS packets to be encapsulated in UDP packets. VXLAN is a network virtualization technology that attempts to address the scalability problems associated with large cloud computing deployments

 In a cloud-native microservices-based architecture, the various modules of an application communicate through application programming interface (API) calls5. Each service is autonomous and self-contained and runs a unique process6. References from Juniper site: Microsoft Learn, Palo Alto Networks

In Kubernetes, all containers within a pod share the same IP address7. A ClusterIP service exposes pods to internal traffic only87. References from Juniper site: IBM, Kubernetes Documentation

The LoadBalancer service type in Kubernetes exposes the service externally using a cloud provider’s load balancer67. NodePort and ClusterIP services, to which the external load balancer routes, are automatically created

The configuration plane is the function that enables CN2 to manage its resources and interact with the kube-api. The configuration plane is responsible for storing and managing all configuration data in a Contrail cluster. It provides APIs for other components to retrieve this data. This allows CN2 to manage its resources and interact with the kube-api.

The openstack user list command uses the Keystone service, which is the identity service for OpenStack. Keystone provides authentication, authorization, and service discovery for OpenStack. It also manages projects, users, roles, and endpoints for the OpenStack services