Free and Premium Fortinet NSE7_PBC-7.2 Dumps Questions Answers

For configuring the failover settings on a FortiGate active-passive SDN connector solution in Microsoft Azure, the two mandatory settings required after the initial deployment are:

A. Subscription-id

D. Resource group name

Subscription ID: This is a unique identifier for your Azure subscription under which all resources are created and billed. FortiGate needs this to interact with the Azure resources associated with that subscription.

Resource Group Name: A resource group in Azure is a container that holds related resources for an Azure solution. The SDN connector requires the resource group name to correctly identify and manage the resources it should control, especially in a failover scenario.

References: The requirement for these specific details is found in Azure's best practices for resource management and Fortinet's documentation on deploying and configuring FortiGate appliances in Azure environments.

For administrators seeking to gain insights into user activities and data within major SaaS applications across multicloud environments, deploying FortiCASB (Cloud Access Security Broker) is the most effective solution (Option C).

Role of FortiCASB: FortiCASB is specifically designed to provide security visibility, compliance, data security, and threat protection for cloud-based services. It acts as a mediator between users and cloud service providers, offering deep visibility into the operations and data handled by SaaS applications.

Capabilities of FortiCASB: This product enables administrators to monitor and control the access and usage of SaaS applications. It helps in assessing security configurations, tracking user activities, and evaluating data movement across the cloud services. By doing so, it assists organizations in enforcing security policies, detecting anomalous behaviors, and ensuring compliance with regulatory standards.

Integration and Functionality: FortiCASB integrates seamlessly with major SaaS platforms, providing a centralized management interface that allows for comprehensive analysis and real-time protection measures. This integration ensures that organizations can maintain control over their data across various cloud services, enhancing the overall security posture in a multicloud environment.

References: Fortinet’s official documentation on FortiCASB details its functionalities and integration capabilities with SaaS applications, highlighting its role in providing enhanced security measures for cloud-based services.

Ansible connects to FortiGate using an API, which is a method of communication between different software components. Ansible uses the fortios_* modules to interact with the FortiOS API, which is a RESTful API that allows configuration and monitoring of FortiGate devices12. Ansible can use either HTTP or HTTPS as the transport protocol, and can authenticate with either a username and password or an API token3.

The other options are incorrect because:

Ansible does not use TCP port 21 to connect to FortiGate. Port 21 is typically used for FTP, which is not supported by FortiOS4.

Ansible does not use SSH as a connection method to FortiOS. SSH is a secure shell protocol that allows remote command execution and file transfer, but it is not the preferred way of automating configuration changes on FortiGate devices.

Ansible does not use YAML to connect to FortiGate. YAML is a data serialization language that Ansible uses to write playbooks and inventory files, but it is not a connection method. References:

Fortinet.Fortios — Ansible Documentation

FortiOS REST API Reference

FortiOS Module Guide — Ansible Documentation

FortiOS 7.0 CLI Reference

[Connection methods and details — Ansible Documentation]

[YAML Syntax — Ansible Documentation]

Confirming to delete all the resources in Terraform will have the following impact:

D. It destroys all the resources in the state file.

Terraform State File Role: The terraform.tfstate file contains a real-time mapping of the resources that Terraform manages, including their current configuration and relationships. This file tracks the actual state of resources provisioned by Terraform.

Impact of Destruction: When Terraform prompts for confirmation to destroy resources, and 'yes' is entered, Terraform reads the state file and systematically removes all the resources that are managed as part of that state. This is not limited to a specific .tfvars file, IAM user, or resource group—it is a global action that affects all resources tracked by the state file associated with the current Terraform workspace and configuration.

References: The function of the terraform.tfstate file and the impact of resource destruction are detailed in Terraform's official documentation. This behavior is fundamental to how Terraform manages infrastructure as code.

The correct answer is C and D. FortiGate NGFW can inspect north-south container traffic with label aware policies and FortiGate NGFW and FortiSandbox can be used to secure container traffic.

According to the Fortinet documentation for container security1, FortiGate NGFW can provide the following benefits for securing container infrastructure:

It can inspect north-south traffic between containers and external networks using label aware policies, which allow for dynamic policy enforcement based on Kubernetes labels and metadata.

It can integrate with FortiSandbox to provide advanced threat protection for container traffic, by sending suspicious files or URLs to a cloud-based sandbox for analysis and detection.

It can leverage FortiGuard Security Services to provide real-time threat intelligence and updates for container traffic, such as antivirus, web filtering, IPS, and application control.

The other options are incorrect because:

FortiGate NGFW cannot be placed between each application container for north-south traffic inspection, as this would create unnecessary complexity and overhead. Instead, FortiGate NGFW can be deployed at the edge of the container network or as a sidecar proxy to inspect traffic at the ingress and egress points.

FortiGate NGFW cannot connect to the worker node and protect the container, as this would not provide sufficient visibility and control over the container traffic. Instead, FortiGate NGFW can leverage the native Kubernetes APIs and services to monitor and secure the container traffic.

1: Fortinet Documentation Library - Container Security

B. FortiGate A and FortiGate B are two independent devices. This means that they are not part of a cluster or a high availability group, and they do not share the same configuration or state information. They are configured as standalone FortiGates with standalone configuration synchronization enabled1. This feature allows them to synchronize most of their configuration settings with each other, except for some settings that identify the FortiGate to the network, such as the hostname1. D. It does not synchronize the FortiGate hostname. This is one of the settings that are excluded from the standalone configuration synchronization, as mentioned above. The hostname is a unique identifier for each FortiGate device, and it should not be changed by the synchronization process1.

The other options are incorrect because:

FortiGate-VM instances are not scaled out automatically according to predefined workload levels. This is a feature of the auto scaling solution for FortiGate-VM on Azure, which requires a different deployment and configuration than the one shown in the exhibit2. The exhibit shows a static deployment of two FortiGate-VM instances behind an Azure load balancer, which does not support auto scaling.

By default, FortiGate does not use FGCP. FGCP stands for FortiGate Clustering Protocol, which is used to synchronize configuration and state information between FortiGate devices in a cluster or a high availability group3. However, the exhibit shows that the FortiGates are not in a cluster or a high availability group, and they use standalone configuration synchronization instead of FGCP.

In an HA active-active load balance configuration with FortiGate VMs, especially in Microsoft Azure where FGSP (FortiGate Session Life Support Protocol) is used for session synchronization, the correct configuration for the peerip is:

D. The opposite FortiGate port 2 IP address.

HA Synchronization Requirements: FGSP requires direct communication between the FortiGates to synchronize the session table. This synchronization typically occurs over a dedicated HA link that connects the HA pair.

Asymmetric Traffic Considerations: FGSP allows asymmetric traffic to rejoin the correct session by synchronizing session information, including NAT and TCP sequence tracking between the FortiGate units in a cluster.

Configuration Specifics: For port 2, which is facing the internal load balancer, the peerip should be set to the corresponding port 2 IP address of the opposite FortiGate. This allows the internal interfaces to communicate directly with each other for session synchronization purposes, which is crucial in an active-active deployment to ensure sessions persist during failover scenarios.

References: The choice of using port 2's IP address for FGSP is supported by the Fortinet documentation, which explains how FortiGates should be configured for HA, especially in cloud environments where traditional HA links may not be available.

When deploying resources in multiple places and regions in the public cloud using Terraform, the most efficient way is:

A. Use multiple terraform.tfvars files with a variables.tf file.

Terraform.tfvars File: This file is used to assign values to variables defined in your Terraform configuration. By having multiple .tfvars files, you can define different sets of values for different deployments, such as for different regions or environments, without changing the main configuration.

Variables.tf File: This file contains the definition of variables that will be used within your Terraform configuration. It works in conjunction with terraform.tfvars files, allowing you to parameterize your configuration so that you can deploy the same template in multiple environments with different variables.

References: This method is outlined in Terraform's official documentation and is a best practice for reusing code for different environments in infrastructure as code (IaC) deployments.

The two best connection solutions available between your company headquarters, branch sites, and the Azure vWAN hub are A. ExpressRoute and E. VPN Gateway.

According to the Azure documentation for Virtual WAN, ExpressRoute and VPN Gateway are two of the supported connectivity options for connecting your on-premises sites and Azure virtual networks to the Azure vWAN hub1. These options provide secure, reliable, and high-performance connectivity for your network traffic.

ExpressRoute is a service that lets you create private connections between your on-premises sites and Azure. ExpressRoute connections do not go over the public internet, and offer more reliability, faster speeds, lower latencies, and higher security than typical connections over the internet2.

VPN Gateway is a service that lets you create encrypted connections between your on-premises sites and Azure over the internet using IPsec/IKE protocols. VPN Gateway also supports point-to-site VPN connections for individual clients using OpenVPN or IKEv2 protocols3.

The other options are incorrect because:

GRE tunnels are not a supported connectivity option for Azure vWAN. GRE is a protocol that encapsulates packets for tunneling purposes. GRE tunnels are established between the connect attachment and your appliance in Azure vWAN4.

SSL VPN connections are not a supported connectivity option for Azure vWAN. SSL VPN is a type of VPN that uses the Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) protocol to secure the connection between a client and a server. SSL VPN is not compatible with the Azure vWAN hub5.

An L2TP connection is not a supported connectivity option for Azure vWAN. L2TP is a protocol that creates a tunnel between two endpoints at the data link layer (Layer 2) of the OSI model. L2TP is not compatible with the Azure vWAN hub.

1: Azure Virtual WAN Overview | Microsoft Learn 2: [ExpressRoute overview - Azure ExpressRoute | Microsoft Docs] 3: [VPN Gateway - Virtual Networks | Microsoft Azure] 4: [Transit Gateway Connect - Amazon Virtual Private Cloud] 5: [SSL VPN - Wikipedia] : [Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol - Wikipedia]

When using an AWS CloudFormation template to add a new spoke to an existing transit VPC environment, the necessary components are:

The BGPASN value used for the transit VPC (Option C): BGP Autonomous System Number (ASN) is required for setting up BGP routing between the transit VPC and the new spoke. This number uniquely identifies the system in BGP routing and is crucial for correct routing and avoiding routing conflicts.

The tag value of the spoke (Option D): Tags in AWS are used to identify and manage resources. The tag value assigned to a spoke VPC helps in organizing, managing, and locating the VPC within the larger AWS environment. Tags are essential for automation scripts and policies that depend on specific identifiers to apply configurations or rules.

References: AWS CloudFormation and AWS Transit Gateway documentation provide guidance on the use of BGPASN and tags for managing and automating VPC deployments effectively.

Transit Gateway Connect Specificity: AWS Transit Gateway Connect is a specific feature designed to streamline the integration of SD-WAN appliances and third-party virtual appliances into your Transit Gateway.expand_more It utilizes a specialized attachment type.exclamation

BGP's Role: While Transit Gateway Connect attachments leverage BGP for dynamic routing, BGP itself is a routing protocol and not the core connectivity mechanism in this context.

GRE Tunneling: GRE is a tunneling protocol commonly used with Transit Gateway Connect attachments to encapsulate traffic.

B. The default network ACL is configured to allow all traffic. This means that when you create a VPC, AWS automatically creates a default network ACL for that VPC, and associates it with all the subnets in the VPC1. By default, the default network ACL allows all inbound and outbound IPv4 traffic and, if applicable, IPv6 traffic1. You can modify the default network ACL, but you cannot delete it1. C. Network ACLs are stateless, and inbound and outbound rules are used for traffic filtering. This means that network ACLs do not keep track of the traffic that they allow or deny, and they evaluate each packet separately1. Therefore, you need to create both inbound and outbound rules for each type of traffic that you want to allow or deny1. For example, if you want to allow SSH traffic from a specific IP address to your subnet, you need to create an inbound rule to allow TCP port 22 from that IP address, and an outbound rule to allow TCP port 1024-65535 (the ephemeral ports) to that IP address2.

The other options are incorrect because:

You can use network ACL and security group at the same time. Network ACL and security group are two different types of security layers for your VPC that can work together to control traffic3. Network ACL acts as a firewall for your subnets, while security group acts as a firewall for your instances3. You can use both of them to create a more granular and effective security policy for your VPC.

Network ACLs are not tied to an instance. Network ACLs are associated with subnets, not instances1. This means that network ACLs apply to all the instances in the subnets that they are associated with1. You cannot associate a network ACL with a specific instance. However, you can associate a security group with a specific instance or multiple instances3.

A is incorrect because the terraform plan command will not deploy any resources at all. It will only show the changes that would be made if the terraform apply command was run. The error message in the exhibit indicates that the service principal details are invalid, which means that Terraform cannot authenticate to Azure and cannot create any resources1.

B is incorrect because you can run the terraform apply command without running the terraform plan command first. The terraform apply command will automatically generate a new plan and prompt you to approve it before applying it2. However, running the terraform plan command first can help you preview the changes and avoid any unwanted or unexpected actions.

C is correct because you must run the terraform init command once before the terraform plan command. The terraform init command initializes a working directory containing Terraform configuration files. It downloads and installs the provider plugins required for your configuration, such as the Azure provider2. It also creates a hidden directory called .terraform to store the plugin binaries and other metadata1. Without running the terraform init command, the terraform plan command will fail because it cannot find the required plugins or modules.

D is correct because the terraform plan command makes Terraform do a dry run. A dry run is a simulation of what would happen if you executed a certain action, without actually performing it. The terraform plan command creates an execution plan, which is a description of the actions that Terraform would take to make your infrastructure match your configuration2. The execution plan shows you what resources will be created, modified, or destroyed, and what attributes will be changed. The execution plan does not affect your infrastructure or state file until you apply it with the terraform apply command1.

The statement that best describes the concept of immutable infrastructure in the context of automation is:

A. It is the practice of deploying a new server for every configuration change.

Immutable Infrastructure Concept: This approach to infrastructure management involves replacing servers or components entirely rather than making changes to existing configurations once they are deployed. When a change is needed, a new server instance is provisioned with the desired configuration and the old one is decommissioned after the new one is successfully deployed and tested.

Benefits: Immutable infrastructure minimizes the risks associated with in-place updates, such as inconsistencies or failures due to configuration drift. It enhances reliability and predictability by ensuring that the deployed environment matches exactly what was tested in staging. This practice is particularly aligned with modern deployment strategies like blue/green or canary deployments.

References: The concept of immutable infrastructure is widely discussed in DevOps and cloud computing literature as a method to increase consistency and fault tolerance in automated environments.