Which of the following ICMP message types are used for destinations unreachables?
What is the proper response for a NULL scan if the port is closed?
__________ is found in all versions of NTFS and is described as the ability to fork file data into existing files without affecting their functionality, size, or display to traditional file browsing utilities like dir or Windows Explorer
An nmap command that includes the host specification of 202.176.56-57.* will scan _______ number of hosts.
The following excerpt is taken from a honeyput log. The log captures activities across three days. There are several intrusion attempts; however, a few are successful. Study the log given below and answer the following question:
(Note: The objective of this questions is to test whether the student has learnt about passive OS fingerprinting (which should tell them the OS from log captures): can they tell a SQL injection attack signature; can they infer if a user ID has been created by an attacker and whether they can read plain source – destination entries from log entries.)
What can you infer from the above log?
Where should a security tester be looking for information that could be used by an attacker against an organization? (Select all that apply)
Paul has just finished setting up his wireless network. He has enabled numerous security features such as changing the default SSID, enabling WPA encryption, and enabling MAC filtering on his wireless router. Paul notices that when he uses his wireless connection, the speed is sometimes 54 Mbps and sometimes it is only 24Mbps or less. Paul connects to his wireless router's management utility and notices that a machine with an unfamiliar name is connected through his wireless connection. Paul checks the router's logs and notices that the unfamiliar machine has the same MAC address as his laptop. What is Paul seeing here?
A person approaches a network administrator and wants advice on how to send encrypted email from home. The end user does not want to have to pay for any license fees or manage server services. Which of the following is the most secure encryption protocol that the network administrator should recommend?
What two things will happen if a router receives an ICMP packet, which has a TTL value of 1, and the destination host is several hops away? (Select 2 answers)
Which Type of scan sends a packets with no flags set? Select the Answer
What does the term “Ethical Hacking” mean?
You are conducting a port scan on a subnet that has ICMP blocked. You have discovered 23 live systems and after scanning each of them you notice that they all show port 21 in closed state.
What should be the next logical step that should be performed?
Destination unreachable administratively prohibited messages can inform the hacker to what?
What is the following command used for?
net use \targetipc$ "" /u:""
While investigating a claim of a user downloading illegal material, the investigator goes through the files on the suspect's workstation. He comes across a file that is just called "file.txt" but when he opens it, he finds the following:
What can he infer from this file?
What is the proper response for a X-MAS scan if the port is closed?
At a Windows Server command prompt, which command could be used to list the running services?
A Network Administrator was recently promoted to Chief Security Officer at a local university. One of employee's new responsibilities is to manage the implementation of an RFID card access system to a new server room on campus. The server room will house student enrollment information that is securely backed up to an off-site location.
During a meeting with an outside consultant, the Chief Security Officer explains that he is concerned that the existing security controls have not been designed properly. Currently, the Network Administrator is responsible for approving and issuing RFID card access to the server room, as well as reviewing the electronic access logs on a weekly basis.
Which of the following is an issue with the situation?
Which of the following business challenges could be solved by using a vulnerability scanner?
A certified ethical hacker (CEH) is approached by a friend who believes her husband is cheating. She offers to pay to break into her husband's email account in order to find proof so she can take him to court. What is the ethical response?
The following is a sample of output from a penetration tester's machine targeting a machine with the IP address of 192.168.1.106:
What is most likely taking place?
Which of the following is a hardware requirement that either an IDS/IPS system or a proxy server must have in order to properly function?
Firewalk has just completed the second phase (the scanning phase) and a technician receives the output shown below. What conclusions can be drawn based on these scan results? TCP port 21 – no response TCP port 22 – no response TCP port 23 – Time-to-live exceeded
Company A and Company B have just merged and each has its own Public Key Infrastructure (PKI). What must the Certificate Authorities (CAs) establish so that the private PKIs for Company A and Company B trust one another and each private PKI can validate digital certificates from the other company?
Which of the following is a component of a risk assessment?
Which of the following examples best represents a logical or technical control?
A hacker searches in Google for filetype:pcf to find Cisco VPN config files. Those files may contain connectivity passwords that can be decoded with which of the following?
What is the name of the international standard that establishes a baseline level of confidence in the security functionality of IT products by providing a set of requirements for evaluation?
Which statement is TRUE regarding network firewalls preventing Web Application attacks?
Which of the following viruses tries to hide from anti-virus programs by actively altering and corrupting the chosen service call interruptions when they are being run?
Which of the following are advantages of adopting a Single Sign On (SSO) system? (Choose two.)
A tester has been hired to do a web application security test. The tester notices that the site is dynamic and must make use of a back end database.
In order for the tester to see if SQL injection is possible, what is the first character that the tester should use to attempt breaking a valid SQL request?
Which of the following open source tools would be the best choice to scan a network for potential targets?
Which United States legislation mandates that the Chief Executive Officer (CEO) and the Chief Financial Officer (CFO) must sign statements verifying the completeness and accuracy of financial reports?
Which DNS resource record can indicate how long any "DNS poisoning" could last?
Eve is spending her day scanning the library computers. She notices that Alice is using a computer whose port 445 is active and listening. Eve uses the ENUM tool to enumerate Alice machine. From the command prompt, she types the following command.
For /f "tokens=1 %%a in (hackfile.txt) do net use * \\10.1.2.3\c$ /user:"Administrator" %%a
What is Eve trying to do?
Tess King is using the nslookup command to craft queries to list all DNS information (such as Name Servers, host names, MX records, CNAME records, glue records (delegation for child Domains), zone serial number, TimeToLive (TTL) records, etc) for a Domain. What do you think Tess King is trying to accomplish? Select the best answer.
You are a Administrator of Windows server. You want to find the port number for POP3. What file would you find the information in and where?
Select the best answer.
Under what conditions does a secondary name server request a zone transfer from a primary name server?
As a securing consultant, what are some of the things you would recommend to a company to ensure DNS security? Select the best answers.
Fingerprinting an Operating System helps a cracker because:
Bob is doing a password assessment for one of his clients. Bob suspects that security policies are not in place. He also suspects that weak passwords are probably the norm throughout the company he is evaluating. Bob is familiar with password weaknesses and key loggers.
Which of the following options best represents the means that Bob can adopt to retrieve passwords from his clients hosts and servers?
When Jason moves a file via NFS over the company's network, you want to grab a copy of it by sniffing. Which of the following tool accomplishes this?
The follows is an email header. What address is that of the true originator of the message?
You have hidden a Trojan file virus.exe inside another file readme.txt using NTFS streaming.
Which command would you execute to extract the Trojan to a standalone file?
Which of the following is the primary objective of a rootkit?
Study the snort rule given below:
From the options below, choose the exploit against which this rule applies.
What is GINA?
Global deployment of RFC 2827 would help mitigate what classification of attack?
In the context of Windows Security, what is a 'null' user?
Exhibit:
The following is an entry captured by a network IDS.You are assigned the task of analyzing this entry. You notice the value 0x90, which is the most common NOOP instruction for the Intel processor. You figure that the attacker is attempting a buffer overflow attack. You also notice "/bin/sh" in the ASCII part of the output. As an analyst what would you conclude about the attack?
Which tool would be used to collect wireless packet data?
A hacker, who posed as a heating and air conditioning specialist, was able to install a sniffer program in a switched environment network. Which attack could the hacker use to sniff all of the packets in the network?
What is the main reason the use of a stored biometric is vulnerable to an attack?
Which of the following are password cracking tools? (Choose three.)
Which of the following techniques can be used to mitigate the risk of an on-site attacker from connecting to an unused network port and gaining full access to the network? (Choose three.)
What is the main disadvantage of the scripting languages as opposed to compiled programming languages?
The GET method should never be used when sensitive data such as credit card is being sent to a CGI program. This is because any GET command will appear in the URL, and will be logged by any servers. For example, let's say that you've entered your credit card information into a form that uses the GET method. The URL may appear like this:
The GET method appends the credit card number to the URL. This means that anyone with access to a server log will be able to obtain this information. How would you protect from this type of attack?
Trojan horse attacks pose one of the most serious threats to computer security. The image below shows different ways a Trojan can get into a system. Which are the easiest and most convincing ways to infect a computer?
On a Linux device, which of the following commands will start the Nessus client in the background so that the Nessus server can be configured?
Bill is a security analyst for his company. All the switches used in the company's office are Cisco switches. Bill wants to make sure all switches are safe from ARP poisoning. How can Bill accomplish this?
You ping a target IP to check if the host is up. You do not get a response. You suspect ICMP is blocked at the firewall. Next you use hping2 tool to ping the target host and you get a response. Why does the host respond to hping2 and not ping packet?
An attacker is attempting to telnet into a corporation's system in the DMZ. The attacker doesn't want to get caught and is spoofing his IP address. After numerous tries he remains unsuccessful in connecting to the system. The attacker rechecks that the target system is actually listening on Port 23 and he verifies it with both nmap and hping2. He is still unable to connect to the target system. What could be the reason?
Which of the following can take an arbitrary length of input and produce a message digest output of 160 bit?
Which of the following processes evaluates the adherence of an organization to its stated security policy?
Neil is an IT security consultant working on contract for Davidson Avionics. Neil has been hired to audit the network of Davidson Avionics. He has been given permission to perform any tests necessary. Neil has created a fake company ID badge and uniform. Neil waits by one of the company's entrance doors and follows an employee into the office after they use their valid access card to gain entrance. What type of social engineering attack has Neil employed here?
The SNMP Read-Only Community String is like a password. The string is sent along with each SNMP Get-Request and allows (or denies) access to a device. Most network vendors ship their equipment with a default password of "public". This is the so-called "default public community string". How would you keep intruders from getting sensitive information regarding the network devices using SNMP? (Select 2 answers)
The traditional traceroute sends out ICMP ECHO packets with a TTL of one, and increments the TTL until the destination has been reached. By printing the gateways that generate ICMP time exceeded messages along the way, it is able to determine the path packets take to reach the destination.
The problem is that with the widespread use of firewalls on the Internet today, many of the packets that traceroute sends out end up being filtered, making it impossible to completely trace the path to the destination.
How would you overcome the Firewall restriction on ICMP ECHO packets?
Henry is an attacker and wants to gain control of a system and use it to flood a target system with requests, so as to prevent legitimate users from gaining access. What type of attack is Henry using?
If you receive a RST packet while doing an ACK scan, it indicates that the port is open.(True/False).
You want to carry out session hijacking on a remote server. The server and the client are communicating via TCP after a successful TCP three way handshake. The server has just received packet #120 from the client. The client has a receive window of 200 and the server has a receive window of 250.
Within what range of sequence numbers should a packet, sent by the client fall in order to be accepted by the server?
In order to attack a wireless network, you put up an access point and override the signal of the real access point. As users send authentication data, you are able to capture it. What kind of attack is this?
What is the name of the software tool used to crack a single account on Netware Servers using a dictionary attack?
Bart is looking for a Windows NT/2000/XP command-line tool that can be used to assign, display, or modify ACL’s (access control lists) to files or folders and also one that can be used within batch files.
Which of the following tools can be used for that purpose? (Choose the best answer)
Jackson discovers that the wireless AP transmits 128 bytes of plaintext, and the station responds by encrypting the plaintext. It then transmits the resulting ciphertext using the same key and cipher that are used by WEP to encrypt subsequent network traffic. What authentication mechanism is being followed here?
Ivan is auditing a corporate website. Using Winhex, he alters a cookie as shown below.
Before Alteration: Cookie: lang=en-us; ADMIN=no; y=1 ; time=10:30GMT ;
After Alteration: Cookie: lang=en-us; ADMIN=yes; y=1 ; time=12:30GMT ;
What attack is being depicted here?
What is a primary advantage a hacker gains by using encryption or programs such as Loki?
Which of the following is NOT a reason 802.11 WEP encryption is vulnerable?
Matthew re-injects a captured wireless packet back onto the network. He does this hundreds of times within a second. The packet is correctly encrypted and Matthew assumes it is an ARP request packet. The wireless host responds with a stream of responses, all individually encrypted with different IVs. What is this attack most appropriately called?
Take a look at the following attack on a Web Server using obstructed URL:
The request is made up of:
%2e%2e%2f%2e%2e%2f%2e%2f% = ../../../
%65%74%63 = etc
%2f = /
%70%61%73%73%77%64 = passwd
How would you protect information systems from these attacks?
Bob reads an article about how insecure wireless networks can be. He gets approval from his management to implement a policy of not allowing any wireless devices on the network. What other steps does Bob have to take in order to successfully implement this? (Select 2 answer.)
You find the following entries in your web log. Each shows attempted access to either root.exe or cmd.exe.
What caused this?
What does black box testing mean?
What is the best means of prevention against viruses?
While probing an organization you discover that they have a wireless network. From your attempts to connect to the WLAN you determine that they have deployed MAC filtering by using ACL on the access points. What would be the easiest way to circumvent and communicate on the WLAN?
What port number is used by Kerberos protocol?
You receive an e-mail with the following text message.
"Microsoft and HP today warned all customers that a new, highly dangerous virus has been discovered which will erase all your files at midnight. If there's a file called hidserv.exe on your computer, you have been infected and your computer is now running a hidden server that allows hackers to access your computer. Delete the file immediately. Please also pass this message to all your friends and colleagues as soon as possible."
You launch your antivirus software and scan the suspicious looking file hidserv.exe located in c:\windows directory and the AV comes out clean meaning the file is not infected. You view the file signature and confirm that it is a legitimate Windows system file "Human Interface Device Service".
What category of virus is this?
In what stage of Virus life does a stealth virus gets activated with the user performing certain actions such as running an infected program?
Jason works in the sales and marketing department for a very large advertising agency located in Atlanta. Jason is working on a very important marketing campaign for his company's largest client. Before the project could be completed and implemented, a competing advertising company comes out with the exact same marketing materials and advertising, thus rendering all the work done for Jason's client unusable. Jason is questioned about this and says he has no idea how all the material ended up in the hands of a competitor.
Without any proof, Jason's company cannot do anything except move on. After working on another high profile client for about a month, all the marketing and sales material again ends up in the hands of another competitor and is released to the public before Jason's company can finish the project. Once again, Jason says that he had nothing to do with it and does not know how this could have happened. Jason is given leave with pay until they can figure out what is going on.
Jason's supervisor decides to go through his email and finds a number of emails that were sent to the competitors that ended up with the marketing material. The only items in the emails were attached jpg files, but nothing else. Jason's supervisor opens the picture files, but cannot find anything out of the ordinary with them.
What technique has Jason most likely used?
Bob waits near a secured door, holding a box. He waits until an employee walks up to the secured door and uses the special card in order to access the restricted area of the target company. Just as the employee opens the door, Bob walks up to the employee (still holding the box) and asks the employee to hold the door open so that he can enter. What is the best way to undermine the social engineering activity of tailgating?
Which Steganography technique uses Whitespace to hide secret messages?
This tool is widely used for ARP Poisoning attack. Name the tool.
This type of Port Scanning technique splits TCP header into several packets so that the packet filters are not able to detect what the packets intends to do.
This attack uses social engineering techniques to trick users into accessing a fake Web site and divulging personal information. Attackers send a legitimate-looking e-mail asking users to update their information on the company's Web site, but the URLs in the e-mail actually point to a false Web site.
Web servers often contain directories that do not need to be indexed. You create a text file with search engine indexing restrictions and place it on the root directory of the Web Server.
User-agent: *
Disallow: /images/
Disallow: /banners/
Disallow: /Forms/
Disallow: /Dictionary/
Disallow: /_borders/
Disallow: /_fpclass/
Disallow: /_overlay/
Disallow: /_private/
Disallow: /_themes/
What is the name of this file?
You want to capture Facebook website traffic in Wireshark. What display filter should you use that shows all TCP packets that contain the word 'facebook'?
What type of Trojan is this?
Ursula is a college student at a University in Amsterdam. Ursula originally went to college to study engineering but later changed to marine biology after spending a month at sea with her friends. These friends frequently go out to sea to follow and harass fishing fleets that illegally fish in foreign waters. Ursula eventually wants to put companies practicing illegal fishing out of business. Ursula decides to hack into the parent company's computers and destroy critical data knowing fully well that, if caught, she probably would be sent to jail for a very long time. What would Ursula be considered?
Jack Hacker wants to break into Brown Co.'s computers and obtain their secret double fudge cookie recipe. Jack calls Jane, an accountant at Brown Co., pretending to be an administrator from Brown Co. Jack tells Jane that there has been a problem with some accounts and asks her to verify her password with him ''just to double check our records.'' Jane does not suspect anything amiss, and parts with her password. Jack can now access Brown Co.'s computers with a valid user name and password, to steal the cookie recipe. What kind of attack is being illustrated here?
You run nmap port Scan on 10.0.0.5 and attempt to gain banner/server information from services running on ports 21, 110 and 123.
Here is the output of your scan results:
Which of the following nmap command did you run?
Lori was performing an audit of her company's internal Sharepoint pages when she came across the following codE. What is the purpose of this code?
Syslog is a standard for logging program messages. It allows separation of the software that generates messages from the system that stores them and the software that reports and analyzes them. It also provides devices, which would otherwise be unable to communicate a means to notify administrators of problems or performance.
What default port Syslog daemon listens on?
Fred is the network administrator for his company. Fred is testing an internal switch. From an external IP address, Fred wants to try and trick this switch into thinking it already has established a session with his computer. How can Fred accomplish this?
This is an attack that takes advantage of a web site vulnerability in which the site displays content that includes un-sanitized user-provided data.
">See foobar
What is this attack?
You have successfully gained access to a victim's computer using Windows 2003 Server SMB Vulnerability. Which command will you run to disable auditing from the cmd?
While testing web applications, you attempt to insert the following test script into the search area on the company's web site:
Later, when you press the search button, a pop up box appears on your screen with the text "Testing Testing Testing". What vulnerability is detected in the web application here?
Yancey is a network security administrator for a large electric company. This company provides power for over 100, 000 people in Las Vegas. Yancey has worked for his company for over 15 years and has become very successful. One day, Yancey comes in to work and finds out that the company will be downsizing and he will be out of a job in two weeks. Yancey is very angry and decides to place logic bombs, viruses, Trojans, and backdoors all over the network to take down the company once he has left. Yancey does not care if his actions land him in jail for 30 or more years, he just wants the company to pay for what they are doing to him. What would Yancey be considered?
The FIN flag is set and sent from host A to host B when host A has no more data to transmit (Closing a TCP connection). This flag releases the connection resources. However, host A can continue to receive data as long as the SYN sequence numbers of transmitted packets from host B are lower than the packet segment containing the set FIN flag.
Which of the following encryption is NOT based on block cipher?
When writing shellcodes, you must avoid ____________ because these will end the string.
What sequence of packets is sent during the initial TCP three-way handshake?
What type of attack is shown here?
You have chosen a 22 character word from the dictionary as your password. How long will it take to crack the password by an attacker?
Fred is scanning his network to ensure it is as secure as possible. Fred sends a TCP probe packet to a host with a FIN flag and he receives a RST/ACK response. What does this mean?
A Trojan horse is a destructive program that masquerades as a benign application. The software initially appears to perform a desirable function for the user prior to installation and/or execution, but in addition to the expected function steals information or harms the system.
The challenge for an attacker is to send a convincing file attachment to the victim, which gets easily executed on the victim machine without raising any suspicion. Today's end users are quite knowledgeable about malwares and viruses. Instead of sending games and fun executables, Hackers today are quite successful in spreading the Trojans using Rogue security software.
What is Rogue security software?
You receive an e-mail like the one shown below. When you click on the link contained in the mail, you are redirected to a website seeking you to download free Anti-Virus software.
Dear valued customers,
We are pleased to announce the newest version of Antivirus 2010 for Windows which will probe you with total security against the latest spyware, malware, viruses, Trojans and other online threats. Simply visit the link below and enter your antivirus code:
Antivirus code: 5014
Thank you for choosing us, the worldwide leader Antivirus solutions.
Mike Robertson
PDF Reader Support
Copyright Antivirus 2010 ?All rights reserved
If you want to stop receiving mail, please go to:
or you may contact us at the following address: Media Internet Consultants, Edif. Neptuno, Planta Baja, Ave. Ricardo J. Alfaro, Tumba Muerto, n/a Panama
How will you determine if this is Real Anti-Virus or Fake Anti-Virus website?
This method is used to determine the Operating system and version running on a remote target system. What is it called?
Which port, when configured on a switch receives a copy of every packet that passes through it?
You went to great lengths to install all the necessary technologies to prevent hacking attacks, such as expensive firewalls, antivirus software, anti-spam systems and intrusion detection/prevention tools in your company's network. You have configured the most secure policies and tightened every device on your network. You are confident that hackers will never be able to gain access to your network with complex security system in place. Your peer, Peter Smith who works at the same department disagrees with you. He says even the best network security technologies cannot prevent hackers gaining access to the network because of presence of "weakest link" in the security chain. What is Peter Smith talking about?
Which initial procedure should an ethical hacker perform after being brought into an organization?
Which NMAP command combination would let a tester scan every TCP port from a class C network that is blocking ICMP with fingerprinting and service detection?
Which of the following is an example of two factor authentication?
Windows file servers commonly hold sensitive files, databases, passwords and more. Which of the following choices would be a common vulnerability that usually exposes them?
A penetration tester was hired to perform a penetration test for a bank. The tester began searching for IP ranges owned by the bank, performing lookups on the bank's DNS servers, reading news articles online about the bank, watching what times the bank employees come into work and leave from work, searching the bank's job postings (paying special attention to IT related jobs), and visiting the local dumpster for the bank's corporate office. What phase of the penetration test is the tester currently in?
How is sniffing broadly categorized?
A circuit level gateway works at which of the following layers of the OSI Model?
What is the purpose of conducting security assessments on network resources?
Which of the following is an example of an asymmetric encryption implementation?
When comparing the testing methodologies of Open Web Application Security Project (OWASP) and Open Source Security Testing Methodology Manual (OSSTMM) the main difference is
There is a WEP encrypted wireless access point (AP) with no clients connected. In order to crack the WEP key, a fake authentication needs to be performed. What information is needed when performing fake authentication to an AP? (Choose two.)
The intrusion detection system at a software development company suddenly generates multiple alerts regarding attacks against the company's external webserver, VPN concentrator, and DNS servers. What should the security team do to determine which alerts to check first?
Wayne is the senior security analyst for his company. Wayne is examining some traffic logs on a server and came across some inconsistencies. Wayne finds some IP packets from a computer purporting to be on the internal network. The packets originate from 192.168.12.35 with a TTL of 15. The server replied to this computer and received a response from 192.168.12.35 with a TTL of 21. What can Wayne infer from this traffic log?
In order to show improvement of security over time, what must be developed?
Blake is in charge of securing all 20 of his company's servers. He has enabled hardware and software firewalls, hardened the operating systems, and disabled all unnecessary services on all the servers. Unfortunately, there is proprietary AS400 emulation software that must run on one of the servers that requires the telnet service to function properly. Blake is especially concerned about this since telnet can be a very large security risk in an organization. Blake is concerned about how this particular server might look to an outside attacker so he decides to perform some footprinting, scanning, and penetration tests on the server. Blake telnets into the server using Port 80 and types in the following command:
HEAD / HTTP/1.0
After pressing enter twice, Blake gets the following results: What has Blake just accomplished?
Hayden is the network security administrator for her company, a large finance firm based in Miami. Hayden just returned from a security conference in Las Vegas where they talked about all kinds of old and new security threats; many of which she did not know of. Hayden is worried about the current security state of her company's network so she decides to start scanning the network from an external IP address. To see how some of the hosts on her network react, she sends out SYN packets to an IP range. A number of IPs responds with a SYN/ACK response. Before the connection is established she sends RST packets to those hosts to stop the session. She does this to see how her intrusion detection system will log the traffic. What type of scan is Hayden attempting here?
When an alert rule is matched in a network-based IDS like snort, the IDS does which of the following?
The FIN flag is set and sent from host A to host B when host A has no more data to transmit (Closing a TCP connection). This flag releases the connection resources. However, host A can continue to receive data as long as the SYN sequence numbers of transmitted packets from host B are lower than the packet segment containing the set FIN flag.
This is an example of whois record.
Sometimes a company shares a little too much information on their organization through public domain records. Based on the above whois record, what can an attacker do? (Select 2 answers)
Neil is closely monitoring his firewall rules and logs on a regular basis. Some of the users have complained to Neil that there are a few employees who are visiting offensive web site during work hours, without any consideration for others. Neil knows that he has an up-to-date content filtering system and such access should not be authorized. What type of technique might be used by these offenders to access the Internet without restriction?
What port number is used by LDAP protocol?
Jason is the network administrator of Spears Technology. He has enabled SNORT IDS to detect attacks going through his network. He receives Snort SMS alerts on his iPhone whenever there is an attempted intrusion to his network.
He receives the following SMS message during the weekend.
An attacker Chew Siew sitting in Beijing, China had just launched a remote scan on Jason's network with the hping command.
Which of the following hping2 command is responsible for the above snort alert?
Switches maintain a CAM Table that maps individual MAC addresses on the network to physical ports on the switch.
In MAC flooding attack, a switch is fed with many Ethernet frames, each containing different source MAC addresses, by the attacker. Switches have a limited memory for mapping various MAC addresses to physical ports. What happens when the CAM table becomes full?
What is the correct order of steps in CEH System Hacking Cycle?
Lee is using Wireshark to log traffic on his network. He notices a number of packets being directed to an internal IP from an outside IP where the packets are ICMP and their size is around 65, 536 bytes. What is Lee seeing here?
Which type of sniffing technique is generally referred as MiTM attack?
Which of the following steganography utilities exploits the nature of white space and allows the user to conceal information in these white spaces?
Your company has blocked all the ports via external firewall and only allows port 80/443 to connect to the Internet. You want to use FTP to connect to some remote server on the Internet. How would you accomplish this?
What techniques would you use to evade IDS during a Port Scan? (Select 4 answers)
This TCP flag instructs the sending system to transmit all buffered data immediately.
The network administrator at Spears Technology, Inc has configured the default gateway Cisco router's access-list as below:
You are hired to conduct security testing on their network. You successfully brute-force the SNMP community string using a SNMP crack tool. The access-list configured at the router prevents you from establishing a successful connection. You want to retrieve the Cisco configuration from the router. How would you proceed?
Identify SQL injection attack from the HTTP requests shown below:
Which of the following encryption is NOT based on block cipher?
Within the context of Computer Security, which of the following statements describes Social Engineering best?
Password cracking programs reverse the hashing process to recover passwords.(True/False.
A zone file consists of which of the following Resource Records (RRs)?
What file system vulnerability does the following command take advantage of?
type c:\anyfile.exe > c:\winnt\system32\calc.exe:anyfile.exe
Windows LAN Manager (LM) hashes are known to be weak. Which of the following are known weaknesses of LM? (Choose three)
The follows is an email header. What address is that of the true originator of the message?
Assuring two systems that are using IPSec to protect traffic over the internet, what type of general attack could compromise the data?
Which of the following tools are used for enumeration? (Choose three.)
LM authentication is not as strong as Windows NT authentication so you may want to disable its use, because an attacker eavesdropping on network traffic will attack the weaker protocol. A successful attack can compromise the user's password. How do you disable LM authentication in Windows XP?
Which of the following Netcat commands would be used to perform a UDP scan of the lower 1024 ports?
What is GINA?
In the context of password security, a simple dictionary attack involves loading a dictionary file (a text file full of dictionary words) into a cracking application such as L0phtCrack or John the Ripper, and running it against user accounts located by the application. The larger the word and word fragment selection, the more effective the dictionary attack is. The brute force method is the most inclusive, although slow. It usually tries every possible letter and number combination in its automated exploration.
If you would use both brute force and dictionary methods combined together to have variation of words, what would you call such an attack?
What is the BEST alternative if you discover that a rootkit has been installed on one of your computers?
Samantha was hired to perform an internal security test of XYZ. She quickly realized that all networks are making use of switches instead of traditional hubs. This greatly limits her ability to gather information through network sniffing.
Which of the following techniques can she use to gather information from the switched network or to disable some of the traffic isolation features of the switch? (Choose two)
Jason's Web server was attacked by a trojan virus. He runs protocol analyzer and notices that the trojan communicates to a remote server on the Internet. Shown below is the standard "hexdump" representation of the network packet, before being decoded. Jason wants to identify the trojan by looking at the destination port number and mapping to a trojan-port number database on the Internet. Identify the remote server's port number by decoding the packet?
What does the following command in netcat do?
nc -l -u -p55555 < /etc/passwd
Which of the following LM hashes represent a password of less than 8 characters? (Select 2)
What is the goal of a Denial of Service Attack?
A security consultant is trying to bid on a large contract that involves penetration testing and reporting. The company accepting bids wants proof of work so the consultant prints out several audits that have been performed. Which of the following is likely to occur as a result?
Bluetooth uses which digital modulation technique to exchange information between paired devices?
A developer for a company is tasked with creating a program that will allow customers to update their billing and shipping information. The billing address field used is limited to 50 characters. What pseudo code would the developer use to avoid a buffer overflow attack on the billing address field?
Which of the following tools will scan a network to perform vulnerability checks and compliance auditing?
How can a rootkit bypass Windows 7 operating system’s kernel mode, code signing policy?
Which of the following parameters enables NMAP's operating system detection feature?
A hacker was able to sniff packets on a company's wireless network. The following information was discovereD.
The Key 10110010 01001011
The Cyphertext 01100101 01011010
Using the Exlcusive OR, what was the original message?
In keeping with the best practices of layered security, where are the best places to place intrusion detection/intrusion prevention systems? (Choose two.)
The use of technologies like IPSec can help guarantee the followinG. authenticity, integrity, confidentiality and
A computer technician is using a new version of a word processing software package when it is discovered that a special sequence of characters causes the entire computer to crash. The technician researches the bug and discovers that no one else experienced the problem. What is the appropriate next step?
Which of the following is an application that requires a host application for replication?
Which type of intrusion detection system can monitor and alert on attacks, but cannot stop them?
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