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AppDynamics recommends that you terminate SSL connections from agents at a reverse proxy or a load balancer in front of the Controller, rather than at the Controller itself. This improves the performance and scalability of the Controller by offloading the SSL processing to the proxy or load balancer. It also simplifies the configuration and management of SSL certificates and truststores. To enable this option, you need to configure the proxy or load balancer to accept SSL connections from agents and forward them to the Controller using HTTP. You also need to configure the agents to use SSL and point to the proxy or load balancer host and port. See Enable SSL for the Java Agent for an example. References: Agent-to-Controller Connections and Enable SSL and SSH for Database Agent Communications in the AppDynamics documentation.

According to the Cisco AppDynamics Professional Implementer (CAPI) documents, when updating the Database Agent, you need to follow these steps12:

• Stop the agent as described for your specific installation in Start and Stop the Database Agent.
• Make a copy of the existing agent directory, . Backing up allows you to revert to the previous agent installation if you need to. You can also copy over the controller-info.xml configuration file to the new installation to ensure the agent configuration is maintained.
• Install the Database Agent as described for your specific installation in Administer the Database Agent.
• Copy the \conf\controller-info.xml file to the new installation directory, \conf. To ensure the agent configuration is maintained, copy the \conf\controller-info.xml file to the new installation directory, \conf.
• Start the new agent. See Start and Stop the Database Agent.
• Verify the Database Agent Installation. See Verify the Database Agent Installation.

Therefore, the correct statements are:

• The Database Agent must be stopped and restarted during the upgrade. (A)
• Controller-info.xml is the only file that needs to be migrated from the previous agent to the new agent. (D)

The incorrect statements are:

• If the agent is moved to a new location during the upgrade, the AppDynamics Controller must be reconfigured to reference the new location of the agent. (B) This is not true because the controller-info.xml file contains the information about the Controller host, port, account name, access key, and SSL settings. As long as this file is copied to the new agent location, the Controller does not need to be reconfigured.
• All data collectors created from the previous agent must be migrated to the new agent. © This is not true because the data collectors are configured on the Controller UI, not on the agent. The agent collects the metrics from the databases and sends them to the Controller. The data collectors do not need to be migrated to the new agent.
• After the Database Agent is upgraded, the AppDynamics Controller must be restarted. (E) This is not true because the Controller does not depend on the agent version. The agent and the Controller are compatible as long as they meet the Agent and Controller Compatibility requirements.

References:

• 1: Upgrade the Database Agent - AppDynamics
• 2: Release Upgrade Checklist for Database Agents - AppDynamics

The directory contains the EUM Server installation files, configuration files, and data files. It is recommended to back up this directory as a precaution before upgrading or migrating the EUM Server. The default location of this directory is /AppDynamics/EUM, where is the directory where you installed the Controller. You can also use the backup-eum.sh script to back up the EUM Server data12. References: Upgrade the Production EUM Server, Configure the EUM Server

The Events Service is the on-premises data storage facility for unstructured data generated by Application Analytics, Database Visibility, and End User Monitoring deployments. The Events Service can be deployed as a single node or a cluster of three or more nodes, depending on the data volume and availability requirements. The Controller and other Events Service clients connect to the Events Service to store and retrieve analytics data. Therefore, it is essential that the Controller is able to initiate communication with the Events Service cluster, using the Events Service API ports (default 9080/2081). The Events Service cluster does not need to initiate communication with the Controller, as it only responds to the requests from the clients. The Events Service API ports can be reconfigured from the default values, if needed, by modifying the conf/events-service-api-store.properties file on each node. However, the clients must also be updated with the new port values. It is also recommended to use a load balancer or a virtual IP address in front of the Events Service cluster, to provide a single endpoint for the clients and to enable load balancing and failover among the nodes. References: Events Service Deployment, Install the Events Service on Linux, and Install the Events Service on Windows in the AppDynamics documentation.

The AppDynamics Controller is instrumented by an internal, out-of-the-box, AppDynamics Java agent that monitors the performance and health of the Controller itself1. To access the information provided by the internal agent, you need to log in to the Controller UI with the following credentials2:

• Account = system
• Username = root
• Password =

The system account is a special account that is used only for internal monitoring and troubleshooting purposes. It is not visible in the normal Controller UI and requires a special URL to access it2. The root user is the default administrator user for the system account and has the same password as the admin user for the customer1 account3. References: Controller Self-Monitoring, Monitoring a Controller Using the Internal Monitoring Agent, Controller Accounts

The EUM Server is the on-premises version of the EUM Cloud that receives, processes, and stores data from EUM agents. For production installation, AppDynamics recommends that the EUM Server and the Controller sit on different hosts, and the EUM Server hosts its own MySQL instance. This improves the scalability and performance of both components. Moreover, AppDynamics strongly recommends that SSL traffic from agents to the EUM Server is terminated at a reverse proxy that sits in front of the EUM Server in the network path, and forwards connections to the EUM Server using HTTP. This relieves the SSL processing load from the EUM Server, simplifies the certificate management, and enhances the security by isolating the EUM Server from the external Internet. Therefore, the best implementation mode for deploying an EUM Server with reverse proxy in a production environment is option D. References: EUM Server Deployment, Install a Production EUMServer, Reverse Proxy configuration for EUM, and Browser EUM installation in the AppDynamics documentation and community.

To prepare a Linux environment for the installation of an AppDynamics Controller with a Large performance profile, which is suitable for monitoring up to 1000 agents, you need to perform the following steps:

• Install libaio on the host machine if it does not already have it installed. This library facilitates asynchronous I/O operations on the system, which are required by the Controller. You can use the package manager of your Linux distribution to install libaio, such as yum or apt-get. For example, on CentOS, you can run yum install libaio1.
• Verify the open file descriptor limit on the system. The file descriptor limit determines how many files a process can open at a time. The Controller requires a high file descriptor limit to handle the large number of connections and transactions. AppDynamics recommends setting the file descriptor limit to at least 65535 for the user account that runs the Controller. You can check the current file descriptor limit by running ulimit -n and modify it by editing the /etc/security/limits.conf file2.
• Verify the process limit on the system. The process limit determines how many processes a user can run at a time. The Controller requires a high process limit to handle the large number of threads and subprocesses. AppDynamics recommends setting the process limit to at least 65535 for the user account that runs the Controller. You can check the current process limit by running ulimit -u and modify it by editing the /etc/security/limits.conf file2.

Other steps that are not required but recommended for the Controller installation are verifying the user account permissions, configuring the virus scanners, installing the netstat network utility, and setting the NUMA configuration2. You do not need to install MySQL or Java separately, as they are included in the Controller installation package3. References: Prepare Linux for the Controller, Install the Controller on Linux, and Controller System Requirements in the AppDynamics documentation.

Custom correlation is needed when the default detection mechanisms of AppDynamics are not capable of auto-correlating transactions across tiers or across parent-child threads in complex multithreaded applications. Custom correlation enables the user to configure AppDynamics to propagate a unique correlation key by using the extension points of the distributed protocol or by decorating the payload. Among the four options, a custom TCP concurrent server is the most likely to require the implementation of custom correlation, as it is an unsupported framework and protocol that may not have easily-defined method calls or payload objects to configure as exit points or entry points. The other options, such as SOAP, JMS, and WCF, are supported by AppDynamics and can be automatically correlated by the agents without the need for custom configuration. References: Custom Correlation for Java Applications and Configure Custom Correlation for .NET Applications in the AppDynamics community.

In a hybrid deployment of AppDynamics, where the AppDynamics Controller and Events Service are installed on-premises and the EUM Server is hosted in AppDynamics’ SaaS cloud, the data that is unavailable is the analytics metrics for End-User Monitoring data sets. This is because the analytics metrics require the Events Service to store and process the unstructured data generated by the EUM agents. However, in a hybrid deployment, the EUM Server and the Events Service are not connected, and the EUM Server does not send the EUM data to the Events Service. Therefore, the analytics metrics for EUM data sets, such as browser records, mobile snapshots, network requests, and custom events, are not available in the Controller UI or the Analytics UI1. The other data, such as resource loading times, session information, and browser snapshots, are available in the EUM Server UI, as they are stored and displayed by the EUM Server itself2. References: Hybrid Deployment and EUM Data Sets in the AppDynamics documentation.

The AppDynamics Controller is a Java web application that runs on a GlassFish application server and uses a MySQL database. During the installation of the Controller, two user accounts are created by default:

• The GlassFish asadmin user is the administrative user for the GlassFish server. This user has the authority to start, stop, and configure the GlassFish server and its domains. The default username for this user is admin and the default password is appdynamics. You can change the password for this user after the installation by using the asadmin command-line tool1.
• The customer-specified Controller administrator account is the user account that you provide during the installation wizard. This is the account that you use to access the AppDynamics User Interface (UI) for the first time and perform various tasks such as creating applications, configuring agents, managing users and groups, and so on. You can choose any username and password for this account, but AppDynamics recommends using only ASCII characters. You can also create additional user accounts in the Controller UI after the installation2.

The other options are not user accounts that are created by the Controller installation. The Elastic search root user, the REST API user, and the MySQL appd admin user are user accounts that are used internally by the Controller components and are not exposed to the end user. The OS user that will run the controller is a user account that you need to create on the host machine before the installation, and it is not created by the Controller installation3. References: Controller Installation, Manage Users and Groups, and Update the Root User and Glassfish Admin Passwords in the AppDynamics documentation.

According to the Cisco AppDynamics Professional Implementer (CAPI) documents, the two reasons for the missing correlated server-side snapshots are:

• Server has set the HttpOnly flag on all cookies. (A) This is a valid reason because the HttpOnly flag is a security feature that prevents client-side scripts from accessing the cookies. However, the AppDynamics JavaScript Agent relies on the cookies to correlate the browser snapshots with the server-side snapshots. The JavaScript Agent injects a cookie named _appdyn_browser into the browser requests, which contains the correlation information. If the server sets the HttpOnly flag on all cookies, including the _appdyn_browser cookie, the JavaScript Agent cannot read or modify the cookie, and the correlation fails. To enable the correlation, the server should not set the HttpOnly flag on the _appdyn_browser cookie12.
• Server-side application is not instrumented with server agent. (E) This is a valid reason because the server-side snapshots are collected by the AppDynamics app agents that instrument the application servers. The app agents monitor the business transactions that are executed by the server-side application, and capture the execution context, call graphs, errors, and metrics. If the server-side application is not instrumented with the app agent, the server-side snapshots are not available, and the correlation fails. To enable the correlation, the server-side application should be instrumented with the app agent that is compatible with the application server and the Controller34.

The incorrect options are:

• Correlated server-side snapshots work only for .NET Applications. (B) This is not a valid reason because the correlated server-side snapshots work for any application server that is instrumented with the AppDynamics app agent, not only for .NET applications. The AppDynamics platform supports various application servers, such as Java, .NET, PHP, Node.js, Python, and C/C++. The app agents collect the server-side snapshots for the business transactions that are executed by the application server, regardless of the programming language or framework34.
• Correlated snapshots are visible only if the injection mechanism is Automatic. © This is not a valid reason because the correlated snapshots are visible regardless of the injection mechanism. The injection mechanism refers to the way the AppDynamics JavaScript Agent is inserted into the web pages. There are two injection mechanisms: Automatic and Manual. The Automatic injection mechanism uses the app agent to inject the JavaScript Agent into the web pages that are served by the application server. The Manual injection mechanism requires the user to manually insert the JavaScript Agent into the web pages. Both injection mechanisms support the correlation of the browser snapshots and the server-side snapshots, as long as the JavaScript Agent and the app agent are configured correctly .
• Correlated snapshots are visible only if browser is Chrome. (D) This is not a valid reason because the correlated snapshots are visible regardless of the browser. The AppDynamics JavaScript Agent supports various browsers, such as Chrome, Firefox, Safari, Edge, and Internet Explorer. The JavaScript Agent collects the browser snapshots for the web pages that are loaded by the browser, and correlates them with the server-side snapshots, regardless of the browser type or version .
• Correlated server-side snapshots are visible only if Java version is 1.7+. (F) This is not a valid reason because the correlated server-side snapshots are visible regardless of the Java version. The AppDynamics Java Agent supports various Java versions, such as 1.5, 1.6, 1.7, 1.8, and 11. The Java Agent collects the server-side snapshots for the business transactions that are executed by the Java application server, and correlates them with the browser snapshots, regardless of the Java version or vendor .

References:

• 1: Browser Snapshots - AppDynamics
• 2: Troubleshoot Browser RUM - AppDynamics
• 3: Transaction Snapshots - AppDynamics
• 4: Supported Environments and Versions - AppDynamics
• [5]: Browser Real User Monitoring - AppDynamics
• [6]: Set Up and Configure Web EUM - AppDynamics
• [7]: Browser Support - AppDynamics
• [8]: Java Agent - AppDynamics
• [9]: Java Supported Environments - AppDynamics

The Machine Agent REST API allows you to create custom events that can be used for various purposes in AppDynamics. Some of the reasons you would create custom events using this API are12:

• To create an event to track application deployment. You can use the API to send a custom event that marks the start and end of an application deployment process. This can help you monitor the impact of the deployment on the application performance and availability, as well as correlate any issues or anomalies with the deployment event.
• To create an event to be displayed along with Time Series data in a custom dashboard. You can use the API to send a custom event that contains any relevant information or context that you want to display in a custom dashboard. For example, you can send a custom event that contains the details of a configuration change, a maintenance window, a business transaction, or a user action. You can then use the custom dashboard to visualize the custom event data along with the Time Series data for the metrics you are interested in.
• To create an event to be used to trigger a health rule violation. You can use the API to send a custom event that contains a metric value that you want to use as a condition for a health rule. For example, you can send a custom event that contains the CPU utilization of a machine, and then create a health rule that evaluates the CPU utilization metric and triggers a violation if it exceeds a certain threshold. You can then use the health rule violation to generate alerts, notifications, or remediation actions. References: Machine Agent HTTP Listener, Create Custom Events

The user under which the JVM runs must have write privileges to the conf and logs directories in the Java Agent home. This is because the conf directory contains the agent configuration files, such as controller-info.xml and agent-config.xml, which may need to be modified or updated by the user. The logs directory contains the agent log files, such as agent.log and agent-errors.log, which are generated by the agent and may need to be accessed or rotated by the user. The user can install the agent as the same user that owns the JVM or as an administrator on the host machine. The user can restrict the remaining contents of the agent directory, such as the lib and bin directories, to read-only access12. References: Install the Java Agent, Java Agent fails to start

According to the Cisco AppDynamics Professional Implementer (CAPI) documents, the two methods that are available to define JVM options for an AppDynamics Controller so that the JVM options are retained across upgrades of the Controller are:

• Use the modifyJvmOptions utility provided by AppDynamics. (A) This is a valid method because the modifyJvmOptions utility is a script that allows you to add, remove, or list the JVM options for the Controller without manually editing any files. The utility also validates the syntax and format of the JVM options and creates a backup of the original configuration. The utility is located in the /bin directory and can be run on Linux or Windows platforms. The utility updates the /appserver/glassfish/domains/domain1/config/domain.xml file with the specified JVM options, which are preserved during the Controller upgrade12.
• Define JVM options on the Controller Settings page of the Enterprise Console. (B) This is a valid method because the Controller Settings page of the Enterprise Console is a graphical user interface that allows you to configure various settings for the Controller, including the JVM options. The Enterprise Console is a web-based application that provides a centralized way to manage the AppDynamics platform components, such as the Controller, the Events Service, and the EUM Server. The Enterprise Console also handles the Controller upgrade process and preserves the JVM options that are defined on the Controller Settings page34.

The incorrect options are:

• Pass JVM options to the Controller via java -javaagent:“options jar”. © This is not a valid method because the java -javaagent option is used to specify the path to the AppDynamics agent jar file, not the JVM options for the Controller. The agent jar file is used to instrumentthe Java applications that are monitored by the AppDynamics platform, not the Controller itself. The agent jar file also contains the agent configuration properties, such as the Controller host, port, account name, access key, and application name. Passing JVM options to the Controller via this option will not have any effect on the Controller performance or behavior5.
• Use the controller.sh script provided by AppDynamics. (D) This is not a valid method because the controller.sh script is used to start, stop, or restart the Controller, not to define the JVM options for the Controller. The controller.sh script is located in the /bin directory and can be run on Linux platforms. The controller.sh script does not accept any arguments or parameters for the JVM options, and does not update any configuration files with the JVM options. Using this script to define the JVM options for the Controller will not have any effect on the Controller performance or behavior6.
• Define JVM options manually in the domain. xmi file. (E) This is not a valid method because the domain. xmi file is not a configuration file for the JVM options for the Controller, but a configuration file for the WebSphere Application Server. The WebSphere Application Server is a Java EE application server that can be used to host the Java applications that are monitored by the AppDynamics platform, not the Controller itself. The domain. xmi file contains the settings for the WebSphere Application Server, such as the server name, port, security, data sources, and class loaders. Defining JVM options manually in this file will not have any effect on the Controller performance or behavior, and may cause errors or conflicts with the WebSphere Application Server configuration7.

References:

• 1: Modify JVM Options for the Controller - AppDynamics
• 2: Release Upgrade Checklist for Controllers - AppDynamics
• 3: Configure the Controller Using the Enterprise Console - AppDynamics
• 4: Upgrade the Controller Using the Enterprise Console - AppDynamics
• 5: Install the Java Agent - AppDynamics
• 6: Start and Stop the Controller - AppDynamics
• 7: Configuring the WebSphere Application Server - IBM

To set up AppDynamics Controllers as a high availability pair, you need to meet the following requirements1:

• Passwordless SSH must be configured between the two Controller servers. This allows the Enterprise Console to automate the configuration and administration tasks associated with a highly available deployment on Linux systems.
• Both servers must have the Controller software installed prior to setting up high availability. The Controllers in an HA pair must be equivalent versions, and be in the same data center.
• Both servers must have identical directory structures for the Controller installation. The individual machines in the Controller HA pair need to have an equivalent amount of disk space. References: Prerequisites for High Availability