JN0-351 Exam Dumps : Enterprise Routing and Switching Specialist (JNCIS-ENT)

In Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol (RSTP), there are several port roles that determine the behavior of the port in the spanning tree 1 2 3 .  The roles include root, designated, alternate, backup, and disabled 1 2 3 .

The discarding state is associated with the backup, alternate, and disabled roles 1 2 3 .  In a stable topology with consistent port roles throughout the network, RSTP ensures that every root port and designated port immediately transition to the forwarding state while all alternate and backup ports are always in the discarding state 2 .  Disabled ports are also in the discarding state 3 .

Therefore, options B, C, and D are correct.

Option A is correct. Creating multiple areas in OSPF can help to reduce the convergence time . This is because changes in one area do not affect other areas, so fewer routers need to run the SPF algorithm in response to a change.

Option D is correct. Creating multiple areas in OSPF can help to reduce Link State Advertisement (LSA) flooding across the network. This is because LSAs are not flooded out of their area of origin.