312-38 Exam Dumps : Certified Network Defender (CND)

To ensure the integrity of the message and prevent it from being altered in transit, hashing can be used. Hashing is a process where a hash function converts data into a fixed-size string of characters, which is typically a hash code. When the message is sent, the hash code is generated and sent along with it. Upon receipt, the receiver can run the same hash function on the received message to generate a new hash code. If this new hash code matches the one sent with the message, it confirms that the message has not been altered. This method does not encrypt the message content but ensures that any changes to the message in transit can be detected.

References: The explanation is based on the principles of message integrity and non-repudiation as outlined in the EC-Council’s Certified Network Defender (CND) program, which includes understanding of network security controls and protocols, as well as the application of security measures to protect data integrity12.

Phishing attempts that target users with fake usage bills from a cloud provider are examples of a cloud to user attack surface. This type of attack surface refers to the potential vulnerabilities and entry points that exist between the cloud service provider and the user. In this scenario, the attacker is exploiting the trust relationship between the user and the cloud service provider by presenting a fraudulent bill, hoping the user will reveal sensitive information or make a payment based on the fake bill.

References: The explanation is consistent with the Certified Network Defender (CND) curriculum, which includes understanding various attack surfaces, including cloud and user-related surfaces, and how they can be exploited through phishing and other social engineering attacks12.

An Intrusion Detection System (IDS) is designed to monitor network or system activities for malicious actions or policy violations. The correct order of activities that an IDS follows to detect an intrusion starts with Intrusion Monitoring, where it observes the network traffic or system events. Following this, Intrusion Detection takes place, where the IDS analyzes the monitored data to identify potential security breaches. Once a potential intrusion is detected, the Response mechanism is activated to address the intrusion, which may include alerts or automatic countermeasures. Finally, Prevention is applied to improve the system’s defenses against future intrusions based on the detected patterns and responses.

References: This explanation is based on the standard operational procedure of IDS as per the Network Defender (CND) objectives and documents1.