Free and Premium IBM C1000-142 Dumps Questions Answers

Explanation

Application modernization is the process of updating outdated business systems and applications. There are many ways to modernize your applications, from integrating existing systems with APIs to doing a full rip-and-replace of infrastructure and building an entirely new application architecture. Common goals of application modernization : - Microservices architecture - DevOps - Cloud migration Benefits of Application modernization : Speed of Development: Since the microservices that make up cloud applications are built once and can be reused over and over, they are easier to use and can be deployed quickly once created. Risk Management: Since one microservice can be used by multiple applications, maintaining security and compliance can be monitored from a central location rather than from within multiple applications. Manage Cost: Since microservices are only written once, the cost to develop them is significantly smaller. The cost to maintain them is also lower since they can be maintained from one central location.

Explanation

A VPC is a public cloud offering that lets an enterprise establish its own private cloud-like computing environment on shared public cloud infrastructure. You can subdivide a VPC with subnets, where each subnet can reach the public internet through an optional public gateway. You can assign an FIP to any instance to reach it from the internet, or the other way around. This is independent of whether the subnet is attached to a public gateway. Subnets within IBM Cloud VPC offer private connectivity; they can talk to each other over a private link, through the implicit router. Setting up routes isn't necessary.

Broad network access : describes access to services over the network using a Web browser and standard interfaces from any location with a variety of devices including desktop, laptop, and tablet computers.

Correct Answer : Bare Metal Server is a dedicated to a single customer only. Bare metal servers are suitable for big data analytics applications and GPU-intensive solutions. Bare metal servers satisfies workload examples such as ERP, CRM, AI, deep learning and virtualization. In-Correct Answers : Virtual Machine : A virtual machine is a virtual representation of physical computer, that behaves like an actual computer. Hypervisor is a small software layer that enables multiple operating systems to run alongside each other. Hypervisor separates the VMs logically, assigning each its own slice of underlying computing power, memory, and storage. There are 2 types of Hypervisor : Type 1 & Type 2. Hosted is another name given to a Type 2 hypervisor. dBase : dBase was one of the first database management systems for microcomputers.

Kubernetes is an open-source container orchestration project that simplifies everything associated with deploying and managing containers.

Kubernetes, also known as K8s, is an open-source system for automating deployment, scaling, and management of containerized applications.

Kubernetes is open source giving you the freedom to take advantage of on-premises, hybrid, or public cloud infrastructure, letting you effortlessly move workloads to where it matters to you.

Kubernetes Features:

- Automated rollouts and rollbacks

- Storage orchestration

- Self-healing

- Secret and configuration management

Infrastructural path involves migrating apps from to Cloud to take advantage of cloud native technologies. Virtual Machine and Bare metal included in the Infrastructural path to migration.

Key value databases are best at storing data that is structured but doesn't require the relational abilities of a relational database. Data are stored as a key value pair where the key is a unique identifier. These databases are used for storing leaderboards and shopping cart data.

Explanation

VMware vSphere is a streamlined and optimized ordering platform for VMware. With this platform, you can build your own IBM-hosted VMware environment by customizing and ordering the VMware-compatible hardware based on your selected VMware components.

Hybrid Cloud combines public cloud, private cloud and on-premises infrastructure to create a single, flexible, cost-optimal IT infrastructure. Hybrid Cloud model best suits where security and regulatory compliance required. Use Cases : Security and regulatory compliance: We can reserve sensitive data and highly regulated workloads behind-the firewall in private cloud and can use more economical public cloud resources for less-sensitive workloads and data. Resource optimization, and cost savings: We can manage predictable capacity workload on private cloud and can migrate unpredictable workloads to public cloud to scale up quickly and automatically. Cloud Scaling : A business has on-premise infrastructure that can handle a certain amount of user load. The hybrid allows them to scale up in response to a larger load then automatically de-provision resources when they no longer need them. Multicloud: Composite cloud are applications that are spread across multiple cloud environments. If a business has on-premise architecture that allows them to run three components of their app but the system gets bogged down in busier times, such as holidays, they take advantage of the multicloud architecture by composing their application across multiple cloud environments. In-Correct Answers - Full control over hardware and software choices : In Private cloud, customer have full control over IT infrastructure, They are free to purchase the hardware and software as per their choice. They can customize(configure) servers and software as needed. - Greater visibility into security and access control, In Private Cloud, all workloads run behind the customers’ own firewall. - Greater elasticity and scalability: With public cloud, a customer can add capacity in response to unexpended surges in traffic, without purchasing and installing new hardware. [Exam Tips] : You can expect few questions from here in your exam, so before appearing for exam, you should be aware of use cases of private, public and hybrid cloud.

IBM cloud analytic services provide a simple way to find new and un-expected insight to quickly to deliver business challenging results.

IBM Cloud™ Internet Services is a simple set of edge network services for customers looking to secure their internet-facing applications from DDoS attacks, data theft and bot attacks, as well as for those customers needing to optimize their web applications, or ensure global responsiveness and the ongoing availability of their internet-facing applications.

Direct area storage, also known as direct-attached storage (DAS), is as the name implies. DAS is a storage device which directly connected to your computer or server, if often connected to a single machine only. Some examples of direct attached storage are floppy disks, optical disc, compact discs (CDs) and digital video discs (DVDs), hard disk drives (HDD), flash drives and solid-state drives (SSD). DAS is often connected with single computing machine only so sharing capabilities are limited and poor. Block storage is highly available and resilient and will often include data encryption at rest and in transit. Block storage, is used to store data files on Storage Area Networks (SANs) or cloud-based storage environments. It can be attached to compute instance. Block Storage normally mounted onto only one compute node at a time. With block storage, you specify the size of the storage and pay a fee based on the size you provisioned. Block storage suitable for low latency workloads where consistently high speeds required. File Storage associated with Network Attached Storage (NAS) technology. File Storage organizes files in a hierarchy of named directories. The ability for File Storage to be mounted to multiple compute nodes at a time make it an ideal solution for common storage requirements. Object Storage enable you to store and access unstructured data anywhere in the world with a self-service portal backed by RESTful APIs. Object Storage supports exponential data growth and cloud-native workloads with built-in high-speed file transfer capabilities, cross-region offerings and integrated services. Use cases : Backup and recovery, Data archiving, Cloud-native application, AI and big data analytics.

Explanation

Use Watson Studio develop sophisticated machine learning models using Notebooks and code-free tools to infuse AI throughout your business. Watson Studio democratizes data science and AI to drive innovation in your business. With a suite of tools for all skill levels, everyone can collaborate to prepare, analyze, and model data. You can write Python or R code in notebooks, visually code on a graphical canvas, or automatically build models.

Microservices are an architectural approach in which a single application is composed of many loosely coupled and independently deployable smaller components, or services. Characteristic of microservices : - Code can be updated more easily - new features or functionality can be added without touching the entire application. - Teams can use different stacks and different programming languages for different components. - Components can be scaled independently of one another, reducing the waste and cost associated with having to scale entire applications because a single feature might be facing too much load.

Correct Answers : The Essential Characteristics of Cloud Computing according to NIST : On-demand self-service : A consumer can unilaterally provision computing capabilities, such as server time and network storage, as needed automatically without requiring human interaction with each service provider. Broad network access : Capabilities are available over the network and accessed through standard mechanisms that promote use by heterogeneous thin or thick client platforms (e.g., mobile phones, tablets, laptops, and workstations). Resource pooling: The provider’s computing resources are pooled to serve multiple consumers using a multi-tenant model, with different physical and virtual resources dynamically assigned and reassigned according to consumer demand. There is a sense of location independence in that the customer generally has no control or knowledge over the exact location of the provided resources but may be able to specify location at a higher level of abstraction (e.g., country, state, or datacenter). Examples of resources include storage, processing, memory, and network bandwidth. Rapid elasticity: Capabilities can be elastically provisioned and released, in some cases automatically, to scale rapidly outward and inward commensurate with demand. To the consumer, the capabilities available for provisioning often appear to be unlimited and can be appropriated in any quantity at any time. Measured service : Cloud systems automatically control and optimize resource use by leveraging a metering capability at some level of abstraction appropriate to the type of service (e.g., storage, processing, bandwidth, and active user accounts). Resource usage can be monitored, controlled, and reported, providing transparency for both the provider and consumer of the utilized service. Self diagnosis: It's self made option, added for distraction.

Explanation

Microservices architecture is an approach in which a single application is composed of many loosely coupled and independently deployable smaller services.

Watson Discovery unlocks hidden value in information to get answers, monitor trends, and repair patterns with the world’s most advanced cloud-native insight engine. ⦿ Watson Discovery Service enables you to ingest, normalize, enrich, index, search, and explore, your data, both structured and unstructured. Watson Discovery gives you the ability to, store, analyze, and understand your data at scale. First, Watson ingests and standardizes all of your data, no matter the type. Just load it and go. Watson then enriches your data using natural language understanding capabilities. ⦿ Watson Discovery allows you to interrogate your data in either a natural language format or a query language that will search for both Boolean conditions and for phrases. Once the data is found, Watson Discovery uses machine learning algorithms to order the answers so that the most useful answers are listed first. ⦿ Watson Discovery leverages the power of Watson to add deep content learning to your applications. One application of Watson Discovery is natural language documentation search.

File Storage associated with Network Attached Storage (NAS) technology. File Storage organizes files in a hierarchy of named directories.

The ability for File Storage to be mounted to multiple compute nodes at a time make it an ideal solution for common storage requirements.

- Offer volume size from 20 GB to 12 TB

- Provide encryption for data at rest

- Provide IOPS up to 48,000 IOPS.

IBM Cloud® Databases and IBM Cloud® Database-as-a-Services (DBaaS) are fully managed by IBM, unless customers specifically request to manage some aspects themselves.

IBM Cloud® Databases and DBaaS offers your organization significant financial, operational, and strategic benefits like below:

- Your organization pays a predictable periodic charge based on the resources you consume—there’s no need to purchase additional capacity to have on hand for hypothetical future needs.

- You can quickly and easily scale-up and down as per your need.

- They are highly available, secure with IBM enterprise security, compatible with open-source databases, scalable, and economical including features like default encryption of data at rest and in-transit and integrated identity and access management controls. Some also meet specific regulatory compliance standards.

IBM's catalog of database services includes:

1. IBM Cloudant, IBM Cloud®Databases for etcd

2. IBM Cloud® Databases for MongoDB

3. IBM Cloud® Databases for PostgreSQL

4. IBM Cloud® Databases for Redis Elasticsearch

A security group acts as a virtual firewall that controls the traffic for one or more virtual server instances. A security group is a collection of rules that specify whether to allow or deny traffic for an associated instance. You can associate an instance with one or more security groups and edit the security group rules An Access Control List (ACL) can manage (that is, it can allow or deny) inbound and outbound traffic for a subnet. An ACL is stateless, which means that inbound and outbound rules must be specified separately and explicitly. Each ACL consists of rules, based on a source IP, source port, destination IP, destination port, and protocol. Note : Security Groups control traffic at the virtual service instance level and n Access Control List (ACL) control the traffic at subnet level.

Explanation

Site reliability engineering (SRE) uses software engineering to automate IT operations tasks - e.g. production system management, change management, incident response, even emergency response - that would otherwise be performed manually by systems administrators (sysadmins). The principle behind SRE is that using software code to automate oversight of large software systems is a more scalable and sustainable strategy than manual intervention - especially as those systems extend or migrate to the cloud. SRE can also reduce or remove much of the natural friction between development teams who want to continually release new or updated software into production, and operations teams who don't want to release any type of update or new software without being absolutely sure it won't cause outages or other operations problems. As a result, while not strictly required for DevOps, SRE aligns closely with DevOps principles and can be play an important role in DevOps success

Explanation

Correct Answer : IBM API Connect® Service provides API creation and management with security-rich features and centralized governance. You can use IBM API Connect for IBM Cloud to quickly create APIs for microservices based on Node.js and Java runtimes. When APIs are hosted on API Connect: Consumers can locate, understand, learn, and experiment with the APIs they need before committing to use them. They can also self-subscribe to them using revocable keys. Providers can hide the exact locations of API implementations, enable version-based routing, and throttle inbound requests to the API on a per-consumer basis. These capabilities are helpful while packaging data for partners. Consumers and providers can track use and response times, which allows them to tie resource use to their business model. In-Correct Answers IBM Event Streams for IBM Cloud is a high-throughput message bus built with Apache Kafka and was previously known as Message Hub. In Event Streams, applications send data by creating a message and sending it to a topic. It uses availability support from IBM Kubernetes services to maintain high availability and resilience. Integration is available with IBM Cloud services as well as Watson Internet of Things® (IoT). Key Features Fully Managed: Built on Apache Kafka, IBM Cloud Event Streams is a fully managed service. Intuitive UX: Deploy your Event Streams in minutes using the benefits of IBM Design Thinking. Event-Driven: Use integrations with IBM Cloud services like Watson IoT platform, IBM Streaming Analytics, and IBM Cloud Functions to easily create your event-driven architecture. IBM App Connect® is a powerful all-in-one tool for easily connecting apps, integrating data, building APIs, and acting on events. App Connect can connect any endpoint, map your data, and move data fast. With IBM App Connect, you can reliably access and combine data assets across all your enterprise applications, databases, and systems and expose them as APIs. You can connect to any application or endpoint, from the latest SaaS apps to mainframe systems. IBM App Connect allows you to connect applications together using a common platform. It enables you to build automation triggers between applications and automate workflows and integrate data using the included 75+ connectors and 50+ templates. Key Features Intuitive Development Tools: Easily create APIs, thoroughly test them, then share them with others both inside and outside your organization. Easy Yet Powerful Security: Use pre-defined security policies to protect your API or customize your own. Lifecycle Management: Manage the entire lifecycle of your APIs for your internal team, external consumers, and third parties. Customizable Developer Portal: Share your APIs with other developers using the built-in fully-customizable portal. The portal includes the ability to communicate with API consumers using a variety of modalities including blogs, forums, and messaging. IBM® MQ on Cloud provides enterprise-grade messaging capabilities to allow the flow of information between different applications. This service is fully managed so you can focus on integrating MQ applications rather than upgrades and patches. Key Features Deduplication: Messages are delivered without duplicates. Connectivity: Connectivity issues are handled by MQ. Encryption: End-to-end data encryption is used to ensure the security of your data. [Exam Tips] Remember following points: If you need to create, secure, and manage APIs use API Connect If you need to connect, copy, and sync application data across platforms use APP Connect If you need to deliver reliable, secure messaging, either on-premises or over the cloud use MQ If you need to build adaptive smart apps that react to events as soon as they happen use IBM Event Streams

Explanation

IBM Cloud for VMware Solutions offers Veeam Backup & Replication technology to provide backup, recovery, and replication for your VMware workload on IBM Cloud. To protect your data, use Veeam to create jobs to back up your workload to IBM Cloud Endurance Storage.

Application modernization : Application modernization is the process of taking existing legacy applications and modernizing their platform infrastructure, internal architecture, and/or feature. Application modernization is the process of migrating traditional applications to run in modern cloud environments.

Serverless computing is a cloud computing execution model that provisions computing resources on demand and offloads all responsibility for common infrastructure management tasks. They are auto scalable so it can handle extremely active traffic periods.

Serverless computing does-not means there are no physical servers utilized, of course there are servers, but we don't have to manage them, in background cloud provider manage (provisioning, scheduling, scaling, patching and more) for us, this gives developers more time to develop and optimize their front-end application code and business logic. And with serverless, customers never pay for idle capacity. They pay only for the resources required to run their applications, and only when those applications are running.

Serverless is a polyglot environment, enabling developers to code in any language or framework - Java, Python, node.js - with which they're comfortable. Because serverless scales up and down on demand in response to workload, it offers significant cost savings for spiky workloads. But it does not offer the same savings for workloads characterized by predictable, steady or long-running processes; in these cases, a traditional server environment might be simpler and more cost-effective.

Serverless Implementations differ across service providers, and capabilities vary, including supported runtimes, authentication, scaling and monitoring.

Serverless architectures are well-suited for event-driven, IOT and stream-processing workloads most notably open-source Apache Kafka event streaming platform.

Benefits:

- Pay only for the time for our code will run.

- Developer don't have to take care of servers or infrastructure, it maintains by cloud provider, so

they can focus more on development and business logic.

- API Management & Integrated event sources.

- Serverless scales up and down on demand in response to workload

Serverless computing is a cloud computing execution model that provisions computing resources on demand and offloads all responsibility for common infrastructure management tasks. They are auto-scalable so it can handle extremely active traffic periods.

Serverless computing does-not means there are no physical servers utilized, of course there are servers, but we don't have to manage them, in background cloud provider manage (provisioning, scheduling, scaling, patching and more) for us, this gives developers more time to develop and optimize their front-end application code and business logic. And with serverless, customers never pay for idle capacity. They pay only for the resources required to run their applications, and only when those applications are running.

Serverless is a polyglot environment, enabling developers to code in any language or framework - Java, Python, node.js - with which they're comfortable. Because serverless scales up and down on demand in response to workload, it offers significant cost savings for spiky workloads. But it does not offer the same savings for workloads characterized by predictable, steady or long-running processes; in these cases, a traditional server environment might be simpler and more cost-effective.

Serverless Implementations differ across service providers, and capabilities vary, including supported runtimes, authentication, scaling and monitoring.

Serverless architectures are well-suited for event-driven, IOT and stream-processing workloads most notably open-source Apache Kafka event streaming platform.

Benefits:

- Pay only for the time for our code will run.

- Developer don't have to take care of servers or infrastructure, it maintains by cloud provider, so they can focus more on development and business logic.

- API Management & Integrated event sources.

- Serverless scales up and down on demand in response to workload

[Exam Tips]: You can expect, few QUESTION NO: from here, Remember bold keyboards

etcd is an open source distributed key-value store used to hold and manage the critical information that distributed systems need to keep running. etcd’s performance is heavily dependent upon storage disk speed, so it’s highly recommended to use SSDs in etcd environments. Redis (for REmote DIctionary Server) is an open-source, in-memory, NoSQL key-value store that is used primarily as an application cache or quick-response database. Redis supports multiple data structures, built-in Lua scripting, multiple levels of on-disk persistence, and high availability. Redis is an in-memory data store and can function as a database, cache, or message broker. In-Correct Answers : MongoDB is an open source, non-relational database management system that uses flexible documents to process and store various forms of data. A NoSQL solution, MongoDB provides an elastic data model that enables users to store and query multivariate data types with ease. This not only simplifies database management for developers but also creates a highly scalable environment for applications and services. MongoDB uses documents or collections of documents as its basic unit of data. Formatted as JSON objects, these documents can store various types of data and be distributed across multiple systems. MongoDB offers a few capabilities that make it stand out from other database management systems, including load balancing, ad hoc database queries, and multi-language support. PostgreSQL, commonly pronounced “Post-GRES,” is an open-source database that has a strong reputation for its reliability, flexibility, and support of open technical standards. PostgreSQL provides the ability to restore databases to a specific moment in time because it maintains a write-ahead log that logs every database change. PostgreSQL features built-in support for multiple procedural languages.

IBM Cloud® provides a secure cloud platform that you can trust. IBM Cloud compliance results from a platform and services that are built on best-in-industry security standards, including GDPR, HIPAA, ISO 9001, ISO 27001, ISO 27017, ISO 27018, PCI, SOC2. IBM Cloud provides compliance reports for some compliance regulations, for example SOC or PCI, to advise clients. The reports include details of the audit experience and can help users assess and address the high, medium, and low risks identified.